470 



Bulletin 77. 



The sprouts which have started from the stub should be kept 

 dowu in this as well as in other forms of graftino^, but they appear 

 to be particularly abundant when this method is followed. 



No. ^. Modified tongtce graft. — Figure 9 represents a form ot 

 grafting which is quite common in Italy. The stock is cut off at 

 an angle an inch or two below the sur- 

 face of the soil and is then split down- 

 ward, beginning a little above the cen- 

 ter of the cut surface, Fig. 10. This 

 downward cut is made at a slight angle 

 to the grain in order to prevent 

 splitting. In true tongue or whip 

 grafting the cion is prepared in the 

 the same manner as the stock ; but in 

 the graft shown in the figure a portion 

 of the bark is first removed, and from 

 the lower end of this cut another is 

 made inward and upward in order to 

 form the tongue, Fig. 11. The cion is 

 not cut in two when the tongue is 

 made, as is the stock, but it ex- 

 tends below and also takes root. 

 Cion and stock are then 

 united as shown 

 in Fig. 9, care be- 

 ing taken to have 

 the cambium laj'- 

 ers in contact on 

 one side. When 

 cuttings or parts 

 of equal diameters 

 are grafted by the 

 tongue graft, the 

 layers on both 

 sides may be 



8. Cutting-graft one year old. 



placed together. The tying of grafts is advisable when small 

 wood is used, but large stocks, when cut below the ground, scarce- 

 ly require this precaution. When the operation is finished, the 

 soil is heaped up as in cleft grafting. 



