The Cabbagk Root Maggot. 499 



THE FRINGED ANTHOMYIIAN. 

 Phorbia fusciceps Zett.* 



Our attention was first called to this insect by its appearing in 

 June in some of our cages in which seed cabbages were growing ; 

 later, in August, flies of the Cabbage Root Maggot appeared in the 

 same cages.. This indicated that both species fed on the cabbage, 

 and led us to carefully examine all our material to determine if the 

 former was also associated with the Cabbage Root Maggot in its 

 work 'of destruction on early cabbage. Thus we were led to 

 study the insect somewhat closely so as to be able to distinguish 

 it from the other common Anthomyiians in case it should appear 

 in connection with them. A study of the literature of the species 

 showed that it was more intimately connected with the cabbage and 

 onion Anthomyiians and was more common in this country than 

 we had suspected. For these reasons it seems advisable to dis- 

 cuss the insect briefly in this bulletin so that future observers 

 need not confound it with the other Anthomyiians with similar 

 habits. 



The insect is probably of European origin as it received its 

 name in Germany in 1845. Eleven years later, Dr. Fitch found 

 it in New York State and described it as a new species. It was 

 again described as new in France in 1866. It has also been found 

 inijEngland. In 1869, Dr. Riley met with it in a new role and, 

 supposing^it to be a new species, gave it another name. Eight 

 j-ears later, while investigating the ravages of the Rocky Moun- 

 tain Locust in the west. Dr. Riley again found the same insect 

 but under such different conditions that he did not recognize it 

 and again characterized it as new to science. In 1885, it was 

 found in Canada ; and this year in Ohio. The insect is thus 

 widely distributed in Europe and in this country. 



*The synonomy of this species as recently worked out from an examination 

 of types by Rondani, Meade, Stein, and Coquillett is as follows : 



Aricia fusciceps Zetterstedt. 1845. 



Hyleniyia deceptiva Fitch. (The Deceiving Wheat Fly.) 1856. 



Chortophila cilicrtira Rondani. 1866. 



Ant/iomyia zeae R'\\ey. (The Seed-corn Maggot.) 1869. 



Anllwntyia radicuin var. calopteni Riley. (The Locust-egg Anthomyiian.) 

 1877. 



