The Cabbage Root Maggot. 517 



Probably none of the above parasites work on the pest in this 

 country ; but in 1888 Mr. Gillette discovered that a similar 

 minute Hymenopterous insect was at work on the pest here. 



The description of this parasite has not yet been published, but Mr. 

 Fletcher has given it the name anthoynvice ; it is one of the Cynipids 

 belonging to the genus Trybliographa, which European authorities consider 

 to constitute a section of the genus Eucoela. In 1893, Mr. Fletcher bred 

 this little parasite in considerable numbers from the puparia of the Cabbage 

 Root Maggot. This year we have bred a few from puparia brought from 

 L,ong Island. The adult parasite appeared in Mr. Gillette's cages in Sep- 

 tember from puparia of the first brood found in June. A specimen, recently 

 received from Mr. Fletcher, bore the date, April 15. We bred two of the 

 parasites in August from puparia of the first brood, and an examination of 

 other puparia of this brood to-day (November 6) reveals several which con- 

 tain no trace of the Cabbage Root Maggot, but instead a broad, fat, much 

 wrinkled, footless, whitish grub that is doubtless the larva of this Cynipid 

 parasite which will probably hibernate in this condition. Probably the 

 eggs of this little foe are laid in the maggot before the puparium stage is 

 reached. In emerging from the puparium, the little wasp like fly broke 

 through an irregular, nearly square hole just back of the head end. 



This little Cynipid has thus baen found in Michigan, Canada, 

 and New York, and it doubtless has quite a wider range, possibly 

 occurring in most localities where the maggots 

 work. It may play an important part in keeping 

 this pest in check in the near future. 



The little Hymenopterous parasite just discussed /jyB\ I 

 has a worthy rival in the form of a small beetle, 

 one of the Staphylinidae, or Rove Beetles. Many 

 of these narrow short-winged beetles are very use- Fm. n.— Tke 



, . . beetle 711 hic h 



ful as scavengers, some attack living insects, and preys upon the 



° Cabbage Root 



others are parasites in ant's and wasp's nests. The M-'g.s'ot .■ the 



'^ hati line atthe 



one which has found the Cabbage Root Maggot very right repre- 



. se7its i/s nat- 



oalatable food is very small and slender, measurmg urai length 



'^ (Fruvi Ltntner) 



only about % of an inch in length. The beetle 

 is represented in figure 11, considerably enlarged ; the hair line at 

 right shows its natural length. It is black in color, and its body 

 is covered with silky hairs and small punctures. These hairs and 

 ptinctures being so much less numerous on the head, thorax, and 

 first four antennal joints, cause these parts to appear blacker than 

 the rest of the insect. Sometimes the wing-covers have a green- 

 ish coppery lustre. The feet are brown, the femora and tibiae 



