FERNALD. — CARICES OF SECTION HYPARRHENAE. 469 



Var. turbata, Bailey. Spikelets remote, forming a moniliform spike. 

 — Mem. Torr. CI. i. 55, & in Gray, Man, 1. c. — C. lagopodioides, var. 

 Boott, 1. c. 117, t. 371, fig. 1. — Range of species. 



Var. reducta, Bailey. — Fig. 8. — Spike usually flexuous, at least 

 the lowest spikelets scattered: perigynia with loosely spreading or recurred 

 tips. — Proc. Am. Acad. 1. c, Mem. Torr. Cl. i. 5G, & in Gray, 1. c. ; 

 Macoun, 1. c. ; Howe, 1. c. 42. C. cristata, Kunze, Car. t. 44, fig. g; 

 Boott, 1. c. 117, in part, t. 373; not Schvvein. C. lagopodioides, var. 

 moniliformis, Olney, Exsicc. fasc. ii. no. 8 ; Bailey, Bot. Gaz. x. 380. 

 0. tribuloides, var. moniliformis, Britton, 1. c, not C. scoparia, var. 

 moniliformis, Tuck. — Gulf of St. Lawrence to Nova Scotia, New 

 England, New York, Iowa, and western Ontario ; ascending in 

 the White Mts. to 1,385 m. altitude. 



-i- -t- Perigynia firm, not scale-like, obviously distended over the achenes. 

 ++ Plant strongly stoloniferous ; culms rising from an elongated rootstock. 



4. C. siccata, Dewey. — Figs. 9 to 11. — Culms slender, 1 to 6 dm. 

 high ; leaves stiff, 1 to 3 mm. wide : spike of 3 to 7 approximate or scat- 

 tered, glossy broivn spikelets, the staminate and pistillate flowers variously 

 mixed or in distinct spikelets: perigynia 5 or 6 mm. long, 2 mm. broad, 

 usually with distinct serrulate wings. — Am. Jour. Sci. x. 278, t. F. fig. 

 18; Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 212; Torr. 1. c. 391; Carey, 1. c. 539; 

 Boott, 111. i. 19, t. 52; Boeckeler, 1. c. 134; Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. 

 I.e. 147, & in Gray, 1. c. 619; Macoun, 1. c. 114; Britton, 1. c. 355, 

 fig. 860; Howe, 1. c. 47; Meinsh. Acta Hort. Petrop. xviii. 319. C. 

 pallida, C. A. Meyer, Mem. Acad. St. Petersb. i. 215, t. 8. C. Liddoni, 

 Carey, 1. c. 545, not Boott. — Dry or sandy soil, Vermont to British 

 Columbia and Alaska, south to Massachusetts, Connecticut, New 

 Yd*RK, Ohio, Michigan and westward. May-July. 



++ +*■ Plant not strongly stoloniferous, culms solitary or in dense stools. 



= Perigynia at most 1.4 mm. wide, elongate-lanceolate or subulate, 3.5 to 4 



(rarely 4.5) mm. long. 



a. Tips of perigynia conspicuously exceeding the lance-subulate scales : plant 

 comparatively low, in dense stools. 



5. C. Crawfordii. — Figs. 12, 13. — Very slender, 1 to 3 dm. high ; 

 the narrow (1 to 2.5 mm. wide) leaves ascending, often equalling or 

 exceeding the culms : spike dull brown, oblong or ovoid, often subtended 

 by an elongate-filiform bract; the 3 to 12 oblong or narrowly ovoid 



