FERNALD. — CARICES OP SECTION HYPARRHENAE. 477 



Var. ferruginea. — Figs. 45, 46. — Slender : the 3 to 5 irregularly 

 clustered spikelets tawny or ferrugineous from the first : perigynia ovate, 4 

 to 5 mm. long, 2.3 to 2.8 mm. broad : scales lance-ovate, mostly awnless. — 

 C. foenea, var. (3, Boott, I. c. 118, t. 376. O.foenea, var.? ferruginea, 

 Gray, Man. ed. 5, 580. G. tenera, var. suberecta, Olney, Exsicc. fasc. ii. 

 no. 16. C. straminea, var. ferruginea, Bailey, Bull. Torr. CI. xx. 421. — 

 Ohio to Michigan, Illinois, and Iowa. 



O Sheath with a thin barely nerved or nerveless pale band extending down 



from the membranaceous auricle : perigynia spreading-ascending : achenes 

 suborbicular. 



16. C. festdcacea, Schkuhr. — Figs. 47, 48. — Culms stiff, 0.5 to 



1 m. high : leaves stiff', erect, shorter than the culms, 2 to 4 mm. wide : 

 spike narrowly oblong, rarely ovoid, of 5 to 10 distinct or rarely approx- 

 imate subglobose or broadly ovoid-conic yellow-brown or green-brown as- 

 cending spikelets 7 to 12 mm. long: perigynia broad-ovate to suborbicular, 

 4 to 5.5 mm. long, 2.7 to 3.5 mm. broad, strongly 7- to 15-nerved on the 

 outer, nerveless or faintly nerved on the inner face : scales blunt. — 

 Schkuhr in Willd. Sp. iv. 242, & Riedgr. Nachtr. 23, t. Www. fig. 173 ; 

 Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. viii. 96 ; Schwein. & Torr. 1. c. 316 ; Torr. 1. c. 

 394; Carey, 1. c. 545 ; Britton, 1. c. 359, in part. G. straminea, var. 

 festucacea, Tuck. 1. c. 9, 18 ; Boott, 1. c. 120, t. 386 ; Macoun, 1. c. 132; 



Bailey, Mem. Torr. CI. v. 94, in part ; Howe, 1. c. G. straminea, Bailey, 

 Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 149, in part, not Willd. C. straminea, var. 

 brevior, Bailey, Mem. Torr. CI. i. 22, in part, not Dewey. — Dry or 

 rocky soil, Maine to Manitoba and Pennsylvania. June-Aug. 



Var. brevior. — Figs. 49 to 51. — Lower (rarely more than 0.6 m. 

 high), and more slender : spikelets 3 to 6, approximate or subapproxi- 

 mate. — G. straminea, Schkuhr, Riedg. Nachtr. 23, t. Xxx, fig. 174; 

 Schwein. & Torr. 1. c. 314; Carey, I. c. 546; Torr. 1. c. 395; Boott, 

 1. c. 121, t. 387 ; Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad, xxii, 149, in part ; not Willd. 

 in Schkuhr, Riedgr. 49, t. G. fig. 34, & in herb. G. straminea, var. 

 brevior, Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. xi. 158 ; Bailey, Mem. Torr. CI. i. 22, 

 in part, & in Gray, Man. ed. 6, 622 ; Howe, 1. c. G. straminea, var. 

 Schkuhrii, Gay, Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, x. 363^ Tuck. 1. c. 8, 17. G. 

 straminea, var. typica, Gray, Man. ed. 5, 580; Macoun, 1. c. 131. G. 

 festucacea, Britton, 1. c. 359, in part (including fig. 871), not Schkuhr. — 

 Commoner than the species, extending to British Columbia, Arkan- 

 sas, &c. May-July. 



