FERNALD. — CARICES OP SECTION HYPARRHENAE. 481 



Geol. Surv. Can. no. 16, 536) : British Columbia, Beaver Creek, 

 Selkirk Mts., July 13, 1885 (no. 10,797) ; Kicking Horse Lake, Aug. 

 11, 1890 (no. 30,603); Revelstoke, May 19, 1890 (no. 30,604)—/. 

 Macoun, Herb. Geol. Surv. Can. 



2. Spike dense and stiff, erect ; spikelets full and rounded at base, mostly 

 approximate : achene 2 (1.8 to 2 1) mm. broad. 



22. C. adusta, Boott. — Figs. 67 to 69. — Culms smooth, stiffly 

 erect, 2 to 8 dm. high : leaves usually shorter, 2 to 5 mm. broad : spike 

 ovoid to cylindric, usually subtended by a stiff rather prominent bract, of 

 3 to 15 simple or compound spikelets 6 to 12 mm. long: perigynia 4 to 



5 mm. long, 2 to 3 mm. broad. — Boott in Hook. Fl. Bor.-Am. ii. 215, 



6 111. iii. 119, in part, t. 379 ; Bailey Mem. Torr. CI. i. 24, & in Gray, 

 Man. ed. 6, 621 ; Britton, 1. c. 357, fig. 866. C. albolutescens, var. 

 glomerata, Oluey, Exsicc. fasc. v. no. 10. O. adusta, var. glomerata, 

 Bailey, Carex Cat. 2, Bot. Gaz. ix. 139, & Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 149. 

 C. pinguis, Bailey, Bull. iii. Geol. and Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn. 22 ; 

 Macoun, 1. c. 129. — Dry woods, rocky banks and recent clearings, 

 Newfoundland to Mount Desert Island, Maine, west to Minnesota, 

 Assiniboia, Saskatchewan, and Keewatin. June-Sept. 



§§ Cyperoideae. Bracts leaf-like and much prolonged, forming a 

 conspicuous involucre. 



23. C. sychnocepiiala, Carey. — Figs. 70, 71. — Culms smooth, 2 

 to 6 dm. high : leaves soft, ascending, 2 to 4 mm. wide ; bracts unequal, 

 the lowest longest, 1 to 2 dm. long : spikelets 4 to 10, oblong, 8 to 15 mm. 

 long, forming a dense ovoid or oblong spike : perigynia lance-subulate, 

 5 mm. long, barely 1 mm. wide, firm, slightly nerved or nerveless. — 

 Am. Jour. Sci. Ser. 2, iv. 24, & in Gray, Man. 545 ; Boott, 111. i. 46, 

 t. 118 ; Bailey, Proc. Am. Acad. xxii. 153; Macoun, 1. c. 121 ; Britton, 

 1. c. 360, fig. 875 ; Howe, 1. c. 46 ; Cratty, Bull. Lab. Nat. Hist. 

 Univ. la., iv. 363, t. 9. C. cyperoides, Dewey, Am. Jour. Sci. Ser. 2, 

 iii. 171, not L. — Meadows, ditches, and wet sandy soil, locally from 

 central New York to the Ottawa River (Canada), Iowa, Saskatch- 

 ewan, and British Columbia. July, Aug. 



Astrostachyae, Holm. Monoecious or dioecious, the spikelets 

 often purely stamiuate or purely pistillate, or with the flowers variously 

 mixed. Bract not sheathing, if present short and filiform. Perigynia 

 horizontally spreading or reflexed at maturity, spongy at base, glabrous, 

 nervose, distinctly pointed or beaked, with thin margins and bidentate 

 apex. 



VOL. XXXVII. — 31 



