fm It^PiCAL A^MCtitfmiB'^ 



/H 



f|AN. 1, j^f; 



the 



to. 



net profit per half kilogram of bark came 

 /0'94-l-(/02.693-i/0-10-2S) i.e. /0-5719 

 By (lovernmeut miuute dated 21st October lS8o 

 No. 2, the luanagemeut of the Government cinchona 

 undertaking was placed under the supervision of the 

 Eesident of the Treanger Kogencies, whilst the 

 inspection of the cinchona plantations and the nurseries 

 is to be performed by the Head Inspector of the 

 coffee cultivation. 



6. Extension of CiacJtona.—The demand for waste 

 land on lease for the purpose of cinchona cultivation 

 continues to diminish, and little or nothing is heard 

 of new undertakings.* 



It is true that on existing estates the cultivation 

 continues to be extended but confidence in cinchona 

 culture has felt such a shock by the steady falling 

 worth naming, is not to be had 

 of the kind. 



future to decide whether this 

 well grounded or not ; the 



of prices that capital 



for new undertakings 



It remains for the 



■want of confidence 



figures given in sections 4 and 5 of this report, it 

 satisfactorly appears, however, that the prices now paid 

 for cinchona bark, afford no ground for the increasing 

 want of confidence in this cultivation. 



From these figures it appears at the same time, 

 that no regular correspondence exists as yet between 

 the cost of production and the prices which cinchona 

 bark commands in the European market, and with 

 absolute certainty a steady fall in cinchona prices may 

 before told a circumstance well worthy of consideration 

 with reference to nc.v undertakinjjs. 



7. Knoniedc/r of the kind of Clnclioua Cidtixatioa 

 in Javu.—Th.& results obtained "from plants raised from 

 seed received from Heer Schuhkraft in 1880, have 

 not come up to what was expected, as was mentioned 

 in last year's report. Now that the plants blossom 

 more generally they display a relati^.-nship to very 

 diverging kinds. If some varieties approach the typo of 

 0. Josephiana others again come near the C. Ledgeriana. 



Among those classed as fine and finest Calisaya 

 raised from Mapivi plants there are with them 

 striking varieties, of which the best seem as if they 

 ought to be classed with O. Ledgeriana, Var. 

 Ohuiidiuifera, and 0. Ledgeriana var Ginchonidinefera. 

 The plants raised from seed received in 1S83, through 

 the intervention of the Minister of Colonies under the 

 name of C. Verde (C. Calisaya oblongi folia) approach 

 still nearer to the type of C. Ledgeriana. The kind 

 planted at different elevations from 4,000 to 6,000 feet, 

 C. Triande CO. fetoyansis) continues to thrive all over. 

 A single plant has begun to put forth buds. 



8. Chemical Researches.— A.s in former years the 

 analyses of the harvest of 1384, were carried 

 out in Europe by Heer Moens. The results 

 obtained appear in appendix B and B. The analyses 

 in the interest of the cultivation continue in the 

 charge of the Assistant Director of the Government 

 cinchona enterprize. Those analyses of which the 

 results are given in appendix C. were made in the 

 first place for the purpose of obtaining rich varieties 

 raised from seed of the richest mother trees, to the 

 eid that these might be multiplied artificially for the 

 creation of seed plantations. 



It w.i.s not alone itmong the plants derived from 

 \he rich motliijr trees Ko. 2'6 and 33 that_ such plants 

 werj sought, bat also from a very, typical Ledger 

 planUtioii r 'ised from the seed of the mother tree 

 >fo. 3 1 a remarkably fine specimen was obtained for 

 chemical examination, It is remarkable as a pheno- 

 meuon that the bark of all these varieties, some of 

 Wb'ch are distinguished for C5;itaining a very large 

 proportion of quinine, show in a greater or less 

 den- e3 the presence of cinchonidine, an alkaloid of 

 which traces Jire found in the bark of the mother 

 tree. Blaiits thus derived were, therefore, notcousidered 

 fit for th':! formation of graft plantations for the 

 prjducti)U of .s. ed. A very imi) jrtant scries of analyses 

 of suf'^'rubra-b- >-id-: raised from Ledger seed gave 

 surprizing rest It', in so far, that hybrids greatly 

 r ■s>;mb.i..g the \M g.-riani in haMrAi.s, flowers and form 

 of leif, were h11 .sim larly distinguished by a v^ry 

 ' *How about Heer Muudt'B 175,000 acres ?—(?k;>'//ou 



y-u iiui\:l".toi: 



large proportion of alkaloids. I*or the attainment of 

 more certainty respecting the influence of theSuccirubra 

 stem on the constitution of the bark of the Ledgeri- 

 ana graft ingrafted on it, the produce obtained by 

 shaving and by partial peeling of the ba^-k, has been 

 submitted to chemical research. A large percentage 

 of cinchonidine was fount both in the shavini^s as 

 well as in the bark removed in long strips. Whilst 

 two analyses of the bark of the two mother trees 

 gave the following results : — 



MoTHEK Tree No. 75. 





o . 



a 



O 



^ cent V cent V cent ^ cent V cent V cent 

 in 1876 10-59 — — 0-31 0-43 11-33 



in 1881 9-79 — 0-05 O'So O'SG ODSl 



Mother Tree No. 89. 

 in 1876 10 79 — — 023 0-51 11 -53 



in 1881 11-20 1-17 — 0-57 0-45 13-39 

 The analyses of stripe bark taken off 5 years old 

 graft plants of these mother trees show 3-30 per cent 

 and 1-40 per cent of cinchonidine- From these results 

 the influence of the succirubra stem on the bark of 

 the Ledgeriana grafted on it appears incontestable. 

 INIoreover the bark of a graft from the known mother 

 tree No. 23 was analysed; it contained 1-11 per cent 

 cinchonidine, whilst the b-^rk from the mother tree 

 by two analyses was shown to yield: — 





1 . z. o 



O O D .H .ij • 



c =.'2 S -z^'" S « =< 



0*0 <J H 



^ cent V cent V cent ¥" cent f cent V cent 

 in 1874 9 97 — — traces I'PO 11-87 



in 1881 1101 — — 0-50 013 ir73 



Analysis No. 33 deserves particular attention. It 

 shows, that five years after the introduction of the Mac- 

 Ivor-system, and three years after the covering of the 

 barked stem was left off, the bark not only f-howed 

 no indication of a return to its original constitution 

 as Succirubra bark, but even the quantity of quinine 

 in the renewed bark was eflt *'Cted to a greater extent than 

 is harvested during the limited lifetime of three years. 

 At the request of private cinchona planters H. E. 

 the Governor-General of Netherlands India has caused 

 experiments to be made in the chemical Laboratory at 

 Bandoeng for obtaining a coarse extract of the cinchona 

 alcaloids solely for the purpose of saving the cost of 

 packing and transporting a useless mass of woody fibre. 

 For this experiment 10 kilograms of bark was selected 

 containing fuily 6 per cent of alkaloids; of this by 

 means of boiling with lime and spirts of wine, quininm 

 (a resiny substance) was produced, which by analysis 

 was found to contain about 60 per cent of alkaloids, 

 whilst the ascertained loss in preparation appeared to 

 be little or nothing. 



To ansvver the (juestion as to whether this quiniuin 

 affor.ls a suitable m iterial for the preparation of 

 quinine and other su'phates, it was requested that 

 it should be sent to Nethorl^ad which has accordingly 

 been done, 



Bandoeng, 23rd March 138(J. 



Eecavitulatiok, 



Oases. 13ale3, Conteutsi, 

 Kilog, 



C. Succirubra 56 138 13,837 



,, Calisaya Schuhkraft ... 185 379 3'.\793 



„ Javanica ..< 10 26 2,52.^ 



„ „ Anglica ... l7 -t? 4Mi 



„ Ledgeriana — 499 37,600 



Oftici>alis 1 177 13,229 



;; Calcp era H 23 2,228 



„ Pahud ana 1 4 388 



„ Lauci folia — 1 J 1 



Total ... •■■ 2S1 1,204 114,2^-3 

 Thc! alkaloid is calculated o: reckoned ou air-driid 

 bark, 



