The Bud Moth. 49 



It will need two or three applications to catch the earliest and latest 

 larvjB which emerge. And on early varieties it is not advisable to 

 spray the trees within at least a month of the time for picking the fruit. 

 Thus it would seem to be hardly profitable to spray in July and August 

 for "this pest alone. 



Undoubtedly some of the larvae could be destroyed by the spray, 

 using Paris Green at the rate of one pound to two hundred gallons of 

 water, and if fruit growers are spraying for fungus diseases like the 

 Apple Scab {Fhisicladium clendriticum) or for a leaf eating insect like 

 the Fall Web Worm [Hyphantria cunea), they should spray as late as 

 July 15. And as Bordeaux Mixture, the fungicide most commonly 

 used, can be readily combined with Paris Green without decreasing the 

 effectiveness of either, it would be advisable and profitable under these 

 conditions to spray the trees in July with this combination for fungi 

 and the young larvae of the Bud Moth. It would cost but little more, 

 and the Paris Green could be used at the rate of one pound to one 

 bundled and fifty gallons in connection with the lime in the Bordeaux 

 Mixture. This plan is practicable and if given a fair trial we believe 

 that it will so lessen the numbers of the pest that the application can 

 be profitably made. 



In Massachusetts, according to the observations of Dr. Fernald already 

 quoted, the young larvae fall to the ground with the leaves. Therefore 

 he says: "To destroy these caterpillars it is desirable to gather all the 

 leaves from under the infested trees in the fall and burn them." Other 

 recent writers following Dr. Fernald, have advised the same treatment. 

 Our observations here at the Insectary corroborated by those of Mr. 

 Fletcher in Canada show that this gathering and burning of the leaves 

 would be useless labor so far as combating the Bud Moth is concerned. 

 For the larvae are not on the leaves when they fall, but are snugly 

 hidden on the twigs where they will be right at hand when the buds 

 open. Of course, the burning of the leaves and other rubbish in an 

 orchard is desirable under any circumstances, for these harbor many 

 other injurious insects, but one cannot hope to check in the least the 

 ravages of the Bud Moth by this means. 



The next question which presents itself, as one follows the life history 

 of the pest is, can it be reached under the silken covering on the twigs 

 in the winter ? No experiments have been tried here at the Insectary 

 to reach the pest in thie stage. Mr. James Fletcher, however, in his 

 Report as Entomologist to the Department of Agriculture of Canada 

 for 1891, says: "Kerosejie emulsion sprayed three times over trees, 

 upon the twigs of which they were in winter quarters inside their silken 



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