34 Agrioultueal Expekiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



similar black clashes before the apex, also followed by a streak of lead 

 blue. 



" The hind wings above and below and the abdomen are ashy gray. 

 The under side of the fore wings is darker, and has a series of light 

 costal streaks on the outer part." At b, figure 3, is shown the venation 

 of the wings; c, represents the peculiar structure of the basal joints of 

 the antennae of the male moth; d, represents one side of the genitalia 

 of the adult male. 



The Life History of the Insect. 



The more one can learn about the habits and life history of an insect 

 pest, the easier it will be to intelligently combat that insect. The 

 minutest details of the where, how, and when the insect works are 

 alw^ays of interest and oftentimes reveal the weak and vulnerable point 

 in their defensive armor. In order to study with accuracy the habits 

 of an insect it is necessary to place the insect under conditions, in the 

 field if possible, and if not then in the laboratory, where it can be 

 watched almost constantly and yet have the conditions as nearly 

 natural as possible . The same insect may differ in its life history in 

 different localities under the different climatic conditions. For instance, 

 the Elm-Leaf Beetle ( Galeruca xanihoniel(e7ia) develops two broods in 

 the vicinity of Washington, D. C, while in its spread northward it 

 has has become single brooded in Northern New Jersey. Again, the 

 Squash-Vine Borer {3feUtHa ceto), according to the observations of 

 Prof. J. B. Smith is single brooded in New Jersey, but Prof. D. S. 

 Kellicut finds it to be double brooded in central Ohio . These instances 

 show the need of supplementing the observations of others by a study 

 of the insect in one's own locality. In fact were it not for just such 

 complete studies of the habits and life histories of our worst insect 

 pests, it would not be possible for farmers and fruit growers to be so 

 successfully fighting these minute foes. 



Our study of the life history of this Bud Moth has afforded a strik- 

 ing example of the importance of the above facts. It has been found 

 necessary to watch the insect in its various stages almost constantly to 

 learn its habits ; and this detailed study has revealed what appears to 

 be the only weak point in its armor. And again our observations show 

 that the pest has quite different habits in this State from what it has 

 in Massachusetts, if the recorded observations of one of our leading 

 entomologists are correct; this difference will be seen to be of vital 

 importance when we come to discuss the preventive measures to be 

 used against the pest. 



Although the larva and })upa of the Bud Moth were known more 

 than eighty years ago, but little was recorded of its life history until 



