30 Agriculttteal Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



Dr. Harris' account (1841) seems to be the first notice we have of 

 the appearance of the pest in this country. It had probably been 

 imported, while in hibernation, from Europe upon nursery stock some 

 years before. After 1841,- we have no record of the insect hav- 

 ing been injurious until 1869. Then Dr. Packard (Rept. Mass. Bd. 

 Agr. for 1869) found it to be " the most injurious enemy of the apple 

 tree, next to the Canker worm, that we have in this (Mass.) State.' 

 In the same year the pest did some damage in Pennsylvania (Am. Ent., 

 I, 251). In 1870, the insect damaged plums in Ontario, Canada. 



Although Dr. Fitch mentions the insect as an .apple tree pest in his 

 Third Report (1856), he does not record it as found in our State. And 

 it is not until 1880 that we find any record of the occurrence of the 

 pest in New York State. Then Prof. Comstock while U. S. Entomolo- 

 gist received the insect from nurserymen at Union Springs, N. Y. In 

 the previous year, as the notes of the Department at Washington show. 

 Prof. (Jomstock had found the pest at work on the Department grounds 

 at Washington. By 1885, the pest had reached Nova Scotia, where 

 Mr. Fletcher found it hibernating on the twigs (Rept. Dept. Agr. of 

 Canada for 1885). 



Dr. Lintner records the pest as quite injurious near Rochester, 

 N. Y., in 1887. In 1888, Prof. Harvey (An. Rept. Maine Expt. 

 Sta. for 1888, p. 169) found the pest doing considerable damage 

 to apple buds in Maine; and in his Report for 1890, he records a 

 very serious attack of the insect wpon blackberry buds at Rockland, 

 Me. Throughout Massachusetts, New York, and Canada, the 

 pest appeared in increased numbers and was very destructive 

 in 1891. Prof. Cook also records it as doing unusual harm in 

 Michigan during 1892. (Fourth An. Rept. Mich. Agr. Expt. 

 Station, 1891). December 17, 1892, Dr. Riley wrote us regarding the 

 distribution of the pest as follows: "In the last two or three years I 

 have received it from several localities in New England and the Mid- 

 dle States, and the labels upon the specimens in the National Museum 

 show that it has also been received from Missouri." 



It is thus seen that this pest, which seems to have first appeared in 

 this country in Massachusetts about 1841, has now become widely dis- 

 tributed over the New England, Middle States and Canada; and it has 

 spread southward to Washington, D. C, and westward into Missouri. 



Its Classification. 



This pest is one of the Micro-Lepidoptera and belongs to the group 

 of moths known as the Tortrioina. According to the latest syste- 

 matic arrangement of the Lepidoptera, the insect is closely allied to the 



