The Spraying of Oechakds. 269 



The sulphate of copper was bought iu the ciystalline form. It was 

 dissolved by placing the six pounds in a bag of coarse material and 

 suspending it in the top of a pail filled with water. Treated in th's 

 manner the crystals dissolve in an hour or two. If hot water is used 

 they enter into a solution much more rapi<Uy. The lime was gener- 

 ally slaked in about a pail of water. Then these two liquids were 

 poured into a keg holding eight gallons, and a pailful of water was 

 added. In this manner six gallons of concentrated Bordeaux mixture 

 were obtained. If the entire amount was to be used, it was poured 

 into a barrel holding forty-five gallons and sufficient water was added 

 to make forty gallons of the mixture. If only a small quantity of the 

 Bordeaux was desired, it was made by taking one part of the con- 

 centrated mixture and adding to this nearly six parts of water. In 

 this manner a mixture of very uniform strength was obtained . It was 

 allowed to stand a few hours before using. When prepared according 

 to the above formula, the cost of a gallon of Bordeaux mixture is 

 about one and one-fifth cents. 



The ammoniacal carbonate of copper was made as follows: 



Cart)onate of copper, 5 ounces. 

 Ammonia 26°, 3 to 5 pints. 

 Water, 40 gallons. 



The amount of ammonia varied, for it could not be obtained of uni- 

 form strength. Consequently the above formula was usually modified 

 and the fungicide was made by taking: 



Carbonite of copper, 1 ounce, 



Ammonia, enough to dissolve the copper carbonate. 



Water, 9 gallons. 



This formula has proved to be a very convenient one. Although 

 the solution is a trifle weaker than the one first given, it is of the same 

 strength as that recommended by the Division of Vegetable Pathology, 

 at Washington. The cost, when thus prepared, is about one cent per 

 gallon. This fungicide was used during the entire season in combina- 

 tion with Paris green. To forty gallons of the ammoniacal copper 

 carbonate of the strength given above there were added: 



Paris green, 2-J ounces. 

 Quick lime, ^ pound. 



The lime was previously slaked in water, and then both ingredients 

 were added to the copper solution immediately before the applications 

 were made. 



