282 AGRICULTUEA.L EXPERIMENT StATION, ItHAOA, N. Y. 



chemist, and from incomplete data it would seem that all Paris green 

 now sold in the market contains more or less soluble arsenic. If trouble 

 is experienced in its use, the addition of lime will be sufficient protec- 

 tion to the foliage. London purple also injured the foliage, even to a 

 greater extent than did the Paris green, but the injury was partially- 

 obscured by the action of fostite, which was applied upon the same 

 trees. 



Action of fungicides upon foliage. — Fostite was applied to the 

 trees in liberal quantities, in order to give it a fair trial. The lower 

 branches of the trees received their full share, which was not always 

 the case with the upper ones. Later in the season the leaves upon the 

 lower branches showed decided injury, so that if this powder still 

 proves to be of value for combatting apple-scab, it must be used with 

 caution. 



The ammoniacal carbonate of copper, to which was regularly added 

 Paris green and lime as described on page 269, proved very satisfactory 

 as regards injury to foliage. Throughout the season the leaves of trees 

 treated with this combination were healthy and the trees looked 

 vigorous. ,The Bordeaux mixture also protected the foliage so well 

 that scarcely a diseased leaf could be found. This effect was particu- 

 larly noticeable on the Fall Pippin. The difference in foliage between 

 the sprayed and unsprayed trees could be seen very plainly. The 

 foliage of this variety is naturally much attacked by the apple-scab 

 fungus, and this characteristic allowed the beneficial action of the 

 iFungicide to become apparent. The foliage of a Fall Pippin tree that 

 was sprayed with Paris green was also noticeably more healthy than 

 the unsprayed. 



Size and color of the sprayed fruit. — The size of the apples was in 

 some cases very plainly affected by the applications, and possibly also 

 the color. On this latter point there was a difference of opinion, just 

 before the apples were picked. The apples were sold while still upon 

 the trees and the buyer very soon discovered an unsprayed tree and 

 wanted to know what was the matter with it. It was his opinion that 

 the color of the sprayed fruit was deeper and brighter, and others 

 affirmed the same, but the point is open to doubt. Many varieties of 

 apples will color beautifully if the sun is allowed to shine upon them 

 even after they are picked. 



But there can be no question of increased size of the sprayed apples. 

 The Kings did not show it so plainly 'from the fact that the entire trees 

 received the same treatment. Bj- referring to the table on page 273 it 

 will be noticed that the weight of one hundred apples sprayed twice 

 with Bordeaux mixtuce was 3 7^ pounds, sprayed four time 47^ pounds, 



