The Spbattng of Okchakds. 285 



" I have found that Paris green not only avoids a large per cent of 

 the Codlin moth's depredation, but it also has the effect of destroying 

 the tent caterpillars and other leaf-eating insects that destroy much 

 of the foliage during the period when it is most needed to jjerfect the 

 development of wood and buds for the following year, as well as the 

 fruit of the present. 



" There is no doubt but that much of the failure of the orchards of 

 New York for the past ten years has been due to the insects that have 

 annually denuded the trees of a large amount of foliage, and there has 

 been a formation of fruit-buds of low vitality. 



" The same effect has been produced by a steady increase in attacks 

 of apple-scab fungus uj^on both fruit and foliage which the trees have 

 not been able to resist, and I have seen fruit over entire counties in 

 Western New York fall to the ground within a week after blooming, 

 from the effects of apple-scab fungus; and the young foliage was as 

 sear as if a frost had injured it. 



" When using Paris green alone, I apply one pound to 250 gallons of 

 water. If used with Bordeaux mixture, one pound to 200 gallons. 



" A very thorough, even distribution of the mixture is more essential 

 than quantity. 



" I have used four pounds of copper sulphate and three pounds of 

 lime to 50 gallons of water with satisfactory results on apples and 

 particularly so on quince the past season, as also with grapes. These 

 were sprayed three times, with twelve and fifteen days inter- 

 vening; the fruit was clear in color, and improved in quality. 



" No fixed time can be set for the spraying. The fruit grower most 

 study the conditions which vary with each season. 



" Some varieties are more susceptible to fungus attack than others, as 

 the Spitzenburg and Cranberry Pippin, among apples, and the White 

 Doyenne and Flemish Beauty among pears, and these require more 

 thorough treatment than others." 



Ghent, N. Y. Geo. T. Powbll. 



" I made one experiment in which about one-sixth of a R. I. Green- 

 ing tree was sprayed with Paris green, using 1 pound of the poison to 

 200 gallons of water. As no rain fell soon after this application, a 

 second one was not deemed necessary. When the apples were harvested 

 the sprayed portion yielded 534 sound apples, or 4 bushels; and 48 

 wormy apples, or about | bushel. The unsprayed portion yielded 216 

 sound apples, or 1^ bushels; and 92 wormy apples, or f bushel. Many 

 wormy apples fell from the unsprayed portion during the season, and 



