432 BATRACHIA. 



subgular vocal sacs beneath the angle of the mouth. Above greyish- or yellowish-olive, 

 with a large hourglass-shaped black mark on the back, commencing between the eyes ; an 

 indistinct blackish-ash streak beneath the canthus rostralis ; a yellow line from the end of 

 snout, along the margin of upper lip, beneath the tympanum, to the base of leg ; it disappears 

 in old examples. Uniform yellowish beneath ; hind limbs with darker cross bands. The 

 tubercles round the vent are white or yellow. 



This species is not rare in Ceylon, and does not attain to a large size ; the largest example 

 I have seen is 2f inches long, the hind limb being 4^ inches long. 



POLYPEDATES AFGHANA. 



Polypedates afghana, Giinth. Batrach. Sal. p. 81. 



Similar in habit to P. maculatus. Snout of moderate length, not depressed, with very 

 distinct canthus rostralis ; nostril on the canthus rostralis, midway between the eye and the 

 end of the snout. Tympanum very small, as large as one of the disks of the fingers, which 

 are well developed. Vomerine teeth in a straight line, interrupted in the middle, and on a 

 level with the posterior angle of the choanse. Skin smooth. Fingers quite free ; toes 

 broadly webbed, the interdigital membrane extending to the disks. Metatarsus with a very 

 small blunt tubercle. Upper parts brown, very finely speckled with greyish. 



I have seen only one example, from Afghanistan ; it is a female, -S inches long, the length 

 of the hind limb being 6 inches. 



IXALUS, Bum. S^- Bibr. 



Skin smooth or tubercular; no glandular fold on the side of the back. 

 Vomerine teeth absent. Tongue elongate and deeply notched behind. Tym- 

 panum distinct. Limbs of proportionate length ; fingers quite free, toes 

 more or less broadly webbed ; disks of the fingers and toes well developed. 



The species of this genus are small Tree-frogs, hitherto found in Ceylon, Java, the 

 Philippine Islands, and Borneo. They may be considered as Polypedates of small size and 

 without vomerine teeth ; and it is a curious fact that species of the latter genus want the 

 vomerine teeth when young, and, therefore, that they can be distinguished from the Ijcali 

 only with great difficulty. Confusion may be avoided by ascertaining whether such small 

 tree-frogs, which apparently belong to Ixalus, are really adult examples or merely young ; 

 if the latter be the case, they probably belong to a species of Polypedates, which has 

 the vomerine teeth developed in mature age. Thus, for instance, specimens from Ceylon, 



