442 



BATRACHIA. 



oviduct and ureter of one side entering the cloaca by a common opening. Nearly opposite 

 to these openings there is another foramen, leading into a long, tubiform urinary bladder (vu). 

 The eggs (o, o), which in the female examined are of the size of a hemp-seed, and altogether 

 fifty in number, are arranged in a single row along each side of the intestinal tract, extending 

 upwards to behind the liver. The oviduct (od) is perfectly straight, running along the outer 

 side of the kidney. 



Fiff. 2 



Kg. 1. 



Fig. 3. 



Fig. 4. 



The cloaca of the male (fig. 2) is about 2 inches long in a specimen 11|^ inches in length ; 

 the intestinal tract (^) has a slight swelling and makes a short bend before it passes into the 

 cloaca. The ureters (u), the vasa deferentia (vd), and the urinary bladder (vu) enter the 

 cloaca at the same spot as the corresponding parts of the female, but instead of running 

 downwards in a straight line, as in the female, the ureter and the vasa deferentia are bent 

 upwards to meet the commencement of the cloaca, which in the male is more remote from 

 the vent than in the female. The cloaca is di\-ided into three portions : the upper is rather 

 narrow, longitudinally plaited in its interior. The second is swollen, with a paii* of lateral 

 csecal appendages (c) ; there are four bilobed prominences (fig. 4) with a rather hard surface 

 in its interior, whilst the caecal appendages are longitudinally plaited. Finally, the third or 

 lower section is ^ery narrow, and moves upwards and downwards in a cylindrical sheath of 

 the peritoneum (sh). 



A tape-like muscle (?/i) is attached to the end of each of the caecal appendages ; both muscles 

 coalesce behind the upper part of the cloaca, and ascend along the urinary bladder, to which 

 they are loosely attached by cellular tissue. They terminate in a conical swelling (5), which 



