LINN^US, 1758 13 



tete large," etc. Later restricted to Cottus scorpius L. (Myoxocephalus Steller 

 =AcANTHOCOTTUS Girard), by Putnam, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool, I, No. I, 3, 1863. 



Scorpaena Linnaeus, 266, after Artedi ; type Scorp^na porcus L. 

 Unquestioned. 



Zeus Linnaeus, 267, after Artedi ; type Zeus faber L. 

 Unquestioned. 



Pleuronectes Linnaeus, 268, after Artedi ; type Pleuronectes platessa 

 L. 

 First restriction by Fleming, Philos. Zool., 1822. Some writers have taken 

 Pleuronectes maximus L. as type, following a quasi-designation by Fleming in 

 1828. 



Chaetodon Linnaeus, 272, after Artedi ; type Ch^todon capistratus L, 

 First restriction by Cuvier, Regne Animal, 1817, ;is, and by Jordan & Gilbert, 

 Synopsis Fish xV. A., 1883. All authors, except Bleeker, have used the name for 

 the same group. Artedi places first in his list under Ch^todon the species called 

 Ch.«todon arcuatus, a Pomacanthus. Bleeker takes this species as type, re- 

 placing PoMACANTHUS with Ch^todon, and Ch^todon by Tetragonoptrus. 



Sparus Linnjeus, 277, after Artedi ; type Sparus aurata L. 



First restriction by Fleming, Philos. Zool., 1822. This decision has been gen- 

 erally, but not universally accepted. 



Labrus Linnaeus, 282, after Artedi; type Labrus bimaculatus L., the 

 earliest type designated by Bonaparte (1839), under the name of 

 L. VETULUS Bloch. 

 By common consent restricted to Labrus viridis and closely allied forms. 



Sciaena Linnaeus, 288; type Sci^na umbra L. 



Complex species, to be considered as identical with Cheilodipterus aquila 

 Lacepede. First exact restriction by Cuvier, 1815. Sci^na umbra, based on 

 Artedi, is a mixture of two species, Sci^na aquila (Lac), and Corvina nigra 

 (Bloch). It is the proper type of the genus Sci^na, but its component parts are 

 not congeneric. The two species were confused until Cuvier (Mem. du Museum, 

 1815, and later in the Regne Animal, Edition II, 1829, made clear the difference and 

 definitely chose aquila as the type of Sciaena. Jordan & Evermann have adopted 

 Corvina nigra, under the name of Sci^na umbra, as type of Sci^na. An argu- 

 ment can be made for either arrangement, but convenience is best served and prob- 

 ably justice also by accepting the nam,e umbra for the species called aquila and 

 recognizing this as type of Sci^na. The two species concerned should then stand 

 as Sci^na umbra L. and Corvina nigra (Bloch). Bleeker has chosen as type 

 Sci^NA cirrosa, the species placed first by Artedi, the type of Umbrina Cuvier. 



Perca Linnaeus, 289, after Artedi ; type Perca fluviatilis L. 



By common consent. 

 Gasterosteus Linnaeus, 295, after Artedi; type Gasterosteus acule- 

 ATUS L. 



By common consent. 



