191l>| Jidhcncl.- : New Forw of Juglans 17 



they often han<>- in clusters (cf. plate 7, figure 11). Normal pistil- 

 late flowers are bisymmetrieal. Normal staminate catkins are 

 two to four inches long, pendulous, and bear an indefinite num- 

 ber of flowers (cf. plate 6, figure 10). 



]\Iany trees throw out lateral branehlets from the first growth 

 of the season. It is usually during this second period of growth, 

 in May or early June, that teratological flowers and leaves appear 

 on certain trees. (It should l)e noted here that abnormal female 

 flowers have l)een observed by the writer during the normal 

 blooming period of two or three trees. A note on such specimens 

 with illustrations appears in Jepson's TJie Silva of California, pp. 

 55, 56. So far as is known these flowers never produce fruits 

 containing viable seeds.) The late or second-growth abnormal 

 flowers are usually produced upon catkins that resemble normal 

 staminate catkins in number and arrangement of flowers. But 

 the flowers are either pistillate or hisej-ual, often both occurring 

 on the same catkin. Onl\' a few staminate flowers have been 

 observed among these late blooms, and these were on catkins 

 which were entirely staminate. One tree was observed on May 

 29. 1909. on which nearly all the late or second-growth catkins 

 were staminate, but the flowers were dropping instead of devel- 

 oping to maturity. Most late-appearing catkins occur on the 

 second-growth, lateral branehlets, one catkin in the axil of a leaf, 

 but they sometimes develop alongside the normal, terminal, pis- 

 tillate catkin, as shown in plate 8, figure 12. In Brea Caiion 

 (Puente Hills) a hundred or more wild trees were examined 

 during the season of 1909, and, while abnormal flowers and fruits 

 were not of general occurrence, they were found to be very 

 frequent. 



The most striking characteristic of the pistillate and bisexual 

 flowers is their form. They are asymmetrical, being flattened 

 more or less on the side adjacent to the axis of the catkin. Along 

 with this flattening there is often a depression in the surface of 

 the ovary, usually extending from the styles to the base of the 

 ovary or only part way, and of varying width (cf. plate 8. 

 figure 12). 



When teratological flowers develop into fruits, the asymmetri- 

 cal form and principal surface markings are retained. Over fifty 



