290 FISHES OF ILLIXOIS 



These fishes, though bearing a great general resemblance to H. 

 aspro, are easily distinguished from it by their much smaller mouth 

 and united gill-membranes*, and by the combination of minor color- 

 marks above mentioned. 



Our specimens have the preopercle smoothf, as in H. aspro. 



Described from 2 specimens taken by T. L Hankinson from the 

 Embarras River at Charleston, 111., in 1904. This species was de- 

 scribed in 1883 from Bean Blossom creek, Monroe county, Ind., and 

 has since been taken in various localities from northern Indiana to 

 Arkansas. 



Genus COTTOGASTER Putmam 



Body rather robust, not much compressed; mouth moderate or 

 small; forms intermediate between Hadroptenis and Boleosoma, having 

 the premaxillaries typically protractile, or sometimes (in C. shumardi) 

 connected with the skin of the forehead by a narrow frenum ; teeth on 

 vomer; middle line of belly naked, or with caducous scales; vertebrae 

 (C. copelandi) 38 (18-1- 20) ; pyloric casca 3 ; coloration not brilliant. Dart- 

 ers of moderate size, not over 3 inches in length; species few; one known 

 from Illinois. 



^ 



Fig. 70 



COTTOGASTER SHUMARDI (Girard) 



Girard, 1859, Proc. Ac. Xat. Sci. Phila.. 100 (Hadropterus). 



T. &• G., 498 (Imostoma) ; M. V., 126 (Etheostoma) ; B., I, 92 (Boleosoma); T- &- E.. 

 I, 1046; J, .VMImostoma); F., 66; L., 27. 



Length 2h to 3 inches; body stout, little compressed except posteri- 

 orly ; depth 5.2 to 6.9 in length ; greatest width of body usually more 



*See note on H. aspro. 



fPreopercle finely serrated" (Jordan and Evemiann, key to Hadropterus) ; "pre- 

 opercle serrulate, at least in voung specimens" (Jordan. Bull. U. S. Fish Comm., 

 1888, p. 165). 



