400 AMERICAN FORESTRY 



WOOD PULP study of the utility of dififerent varie- 

 ties of wood as substitutes for the fast- 

 No section deals with problems of disappearing spruce, 

 greater interest to the country than this, 



and none is better furnished for its chemistry 

 work. There is a working model of 



all the apparatus of the paper and pulp The section of chemistry has a hand 

 mill, with the exception of a mill for in nearly all of the problems that are 

 making ground wood pulp. This omis- presented to the branch of products, 

 sion is to be filled at an early date. The laboratory in which the chemical 

 All the apparatus for making pulp by analysis is performed is thoroughly 

 the soda and sulphite processes is here equipped and arranged with great con- 

 and a system of grinders and beaters, venience, with due regard to the com- 

 culminating in a complete Fourdrinier fort and safety of the experimenters 

 paper machine, making a roll of paper and to efficiency of work. Experiments 

 fifteen inches wide. This miniature with noxious gases are conducted in a 

 of the giant machines is equally serv- glass hood so that the chemist is not 

 iceable for experimental purposes, and exposed to the effect of the gases. The 

 much more economical to operate. special purposes of the section are to 

 This section is grappling with prob- find uses for products at present hav- 

 lems of the great paper industry — prob- ing little or no commercial value, to se- 

 lems which are growing more pressing cure data upon which to base commer- 

 every day. The special points of at- cial specifications for wood products, 

 tack at present outlined are methods of wood preservatives, and other chem- 

 making ground-wood pulp to deter- icals used in the treatment of wood, and 

 mine whether or not commercial pulp to study chemical problems that arise in 

 can be made from species other than connection with the work of the other 

 spruce ; the practicability of treating sections. In carrying out these pur- 

 different woods with the sulphite and poses, the present lines of investiga- 

 soda processes ; the qualities of paper tion are the analysis and grading of 

 which can be made from different commercial creosote, the analysis and 

 grades of the various sulphite, soda, grading of wood turpentine, and meth- 

 and ground-wood fibers ; and the prac- ods of analyzing treated wood to de- 

 ticability of using different forms of termine the kind and quantiy of pre- 

 wood waste for the manufacture of pa- servative in it. This last is necessary 

 per pulp and other fiber products, to check up the results of the timber 

 There is here a great field and one be- tests with the treated woods, and also to 

 set with difficulties such as only experi- gauge the treating process itself, 

 menters in it can realize. There is so 



much paper required by our modern engineering 

 civilization that to produce wood pulp 



by sufficiently economical processes to This section has to do with the de- 

 meet our demands for paper is entirely sign of machines and apparatus to be 

 another question from producing it ex- used in saving wood waste. It is only 

 perimentally. It has been satisfactorily a part of the problem to find how a 

 determined that wood pulp well adapted given wood may be used or what prod- 

 for many purposes can be produced nets can be made from waste material, 

 from a number of annual plants, but the It is equally necessary that machines 

 production of these plants and the elim- and equipment should be designed 

 ination of certain troublesome constit- which will accomplish the desired re- 

 uents make the process too expensive suits. Problems at present engaging 

 to be at present of commercial value, the attention of this section are the de- 

 The remedy for this must be found by sign of an experimental grinder for the 

 long and patient experiment. At pres- manufacture of ground-wood pulp 

 ent the principal end in view is the from woods other than spruce ; the de- 



