THE PAPER AND PULP INDUSTRY 417 



There are thus here pointedly pre- Wisconsin production. Nine hundred 

 sented to us overpowering reasons why ninety-six mills, representing an in- 

 the paper industry should be specifically vestment of $350,000,000, are now en- 

 included within the purposes of this gaged in the manufacture of pulp and 

 great institution. And it is fitting that paper in this country, yielding an an- 

 such purposes should include the dis- nual product in value $250,000,000. In 

 covery of ways and means for the Wisconsin alone the direct investment 

 production, if possible, of a suitable in the industry is about $30,000,000, 

 grade of groundwood pulp from hem- distributed in ownership among over 

 lock and other kinds of wood than 3,000 persons, with over 7,000 persons 

 spruce ; for the use of cheaper, more directly employed therein, producing 

 plentiful, and more quickly grown annually paper in value $23,000,000. 

 kinds of wood for use in the sulphite, About these mills have grown up thriv- 

 soda, and sulphate processes ; for the ing cities and villages dependent upon 

 production of suitable pulps from corn- this industry for support. This does 

 stalks, the different grasses, and like not take into account the thousands of 

 vegetation grown annually; for the persons engaged in the preparation of 

 saving and use of mill waste from pulp the wood in the forests and in trans- 

 and fiber manufacture ; for the mate- portation of the raw materials to the 

 rial increase of the amount of pulp of mills and the finished products there- 

 all kinds from the raw materials. from to the market. It is safe to say 



People engaged in the productive in- that no other article in common use by 

 dustries, no matter how great their in- the people has been furnished to them 

 clination, have not always the leisure, so cheaply and has increased more 

 means, or training necessary to work slowly in cost to the consumer, despite 

 out to the best advantage methods and the great advance in cost of raw mate- 

 means for getting the most out of our rials and labor. 



natural resources. And it is because Neither is it a decadent or dying in- 



of this fact, among others, that the na- dustry in this country, and, generally 



tional government wisely here assumes speaking, never will be in the localities 



one of its greatest and most beneficial where it is now made, 



functions; for the nation which most The fact that the people of this na- 



economically and beneficially uses its tion must continue to have paper is, in 



natural resources must longest endure itself, a reason why it should never 



in happiness and prosperity. The become a decadent industry in this 



united harmonious labors of the gov- country. Combined with such necessity 



ernment's experts and the people prac- is the great economic reason that it re- 



tically employed in the industries must quires great power and great quantities 



necessarily be productive of the most of raw materials in fairly close asso- 



satisfactory results, for the highest ciation with each other. In Wisconsin 



success must necessarily attend upon alone there is estimated to be 160,000 



the union of scientific experiment with horse-power of water-power employed 



practical application. in this industry. This country had at 



Paper-making is an important and the start great areas of the finest 



great industry. No other article, to forests, including about all the kinds of 



my mind, has so many varied and ex- timber indigenous to our latitude. While 



tensive uses. It has become a necessity its spruce is much depleted, it yet has 



of everyday life and has been and must great quantities of hemlock. Its still 



continue to be identified with the ad- greater quantities of jack pine and other 



vancement of civilization. In the sense kinds of timber and other mentioned 



of the use of raw material from the probable sources of supply, it is confi- 



forest, it is a new industry. It is but dently believed will, at no distant day, 



twenty years since the first paper was be made available to this industry. It 



manufactured on the Wisconsin River, has great stretches of land which can 



the present seat of a large part of the and will most profitably be, and are now 



