78 Universih/ of Cnlifonila P\(blications in Botany [Vol. 7 



Wa.shiii^ton. The tlircr leaves are normal but there; ai"e twenty- 

 four "petals," eighteen of them in "regular alternating whorls of 

 three, the first, third, and fifth, and the second, fourth, and sixth 

 whorls being superposed upon each other," while "the six petals in 

 the center of the flower form a partially closed cluster." The largest 

 of the six "petals" was 1.8 cm. in length and nnich "crumpled." 



In 7'. sessile var. giganteum we have noted a eonsiderable number 

 of teratologieal variations, the following description o\' wliirli, with 

 notes on their recurrence from the rootstoek, represents the principal 

 purpose of thi.s paper. Miss Eastwood (1896) has given the only de- 

 scription with which I am acquainted, of abnormalities in this western 

 ally of T. sessile L. She reports on "three abnormal specimens of 

 white-flowered Trillium sessile var. Californicum found in the San 

 Bruno Hills of San Mateo County." The first specimen was four- 

 parted throughout, "even the ovary," and the stamens were eight in 

 number. The second bore six leaves, six outer divisions of the peri- 

 anth and five inner, ten stamens, and a six-celled ovary. The third 

 was normal except that "one of the outer divisions of the perianth 

 was a true leaf." She states that "this species is exceedingly variable 

 in the color, shape and size of its flowers; but such abnormal forms 

 are rare." 



I wish in what follows to describe the abnormal shoots produced 

 by seventeen different rootstocks of T. sessile var. giganteum. Of these 

 seventeen rootstocks, twelve have been or are at present under observa- 

 tion in garden cultures. 



1. Collected in Berkeley Hills, Berkeley, California, by Dr. R. P. 

 Brandt ; rootstoek not preserved. One shoot normal in every respect 

 except the condition of tlie stamens. These were six in number, but 

 each was flattened and the connective expanded to form structures very 

 similar in appearance to a corresponding condition in T. grandiflorum 

 described and figured by Atkinson (loc. cH.). In hi/a' the iiulividiiMl 

 stamens varied from 32 X 5 mm. to 32 X 8 mm., the width measure- 

 ment being taken across the widest portion of the expanded stamen. 

 Anther cells containing apparently noi'nially matured pollen were 

 present on both edges of each stamen. Partial pistillody of all the 

 stamens also occurred here, in that ridges of lighter-eoloi-ed tissue 

 stood out from the inner surfaces of the expanded connective and this 

 expanded connective was inflated to a considerable degree. These 

 ridges of tissue undcmbtedly represent stylar and stigmatic .surfaces, 

 although theii- lila-ncss to such structures of the j^istil is not as 



