1917] Goodspeed : Notes on Trillium 77 



and size. Of special interest is the description of the recurrence dur- 

 ing two seasons, following the one during which the plants came under 

 observation, of a group of teratological individuals. In general, the 

 plants strikingly resembled the remarkable specimens of sessile de- 

 scribed by Hopkins {loc. cit.). The station is Squam Lake, Holder- 

 ness. New Hampshire, and there seems to be no doubt but that cor- 

 responding abnormal variations were produced by the same rootstock 

 or rootstocks over a period of three seasons. 



Trillium cernuum L. 



I have found but two references to teratology in this species. Owen 

 (1894) describes two specimens from New Hampshire. One showed 

 a normal whorl of three leaves and above it ''three whorls of three 

 leaves each," the sepals larger than common, petals with a white stripe 

 running dowTi the center and a green stripe on each edge and one of 

 them two-parted, four stigmas. The other specimen exhibited a 

 "rosette of two whorls, a third abnormal in this specimen also, but 

 lifted one-half inch above the others to the base of the flower." Tracy 

 gives the following description of an abnormal individual : ' ' One petal 

 and two sepals of the ordinarj^ form and color, while the third sepal 

 has been replaced by a perfect leaf, and the other two petals have a 

 green stripe through the center." 



Trillium nivale Riddell. 



Andrews (1906) reports that in this species "some slight deviations 

 have been observed ... in the way of a union of the floral parts." 



Trillium recurvatum Beck. 



Andrews (loc. cit.) notes a plant with twenty-three "floral leaves" 

 in which no trace of the "usual stamens or pistil was present, all the 

 floral organs being completely transformed into floral leaves which 

 were considerably larger (with the exception of the central ones) than 

 the same parts in normal flowers growing near them. ' ' 



Trillium ovatum Pursh. and T. sessile var. giganteum II. & A. 



In these two western species teratological variations have on only 

 two occasions been described, so far as I have been able to determine. 

 In thousands of specimens of T. ovatum which have come under 

 observation in our studies, no abnormalities have been found. Deane 

 (1911). however, describes an interesting plant from Lake Cushman. 



