14 

 EXPLANATION OF PLATES. 



Plate I. 



The Elm Twig-girdler, Oberea ulmicola Chittenden: a, adult beetle; b, egg, enlarged 

 and in position under bark of twig; c, larva, d, pupa, e, showing leaf-veins eaten 

 out by beetle in feeding. 



Plate II. 



Elm Twig-girdler, Oberea ulmicola Chittenden; a, illustrating girdling of twigs by- 

 adult and the general effect on the young twigs, the original having been cut 

 from an elm-tree in a city park in Decatur, 111.; adult shown engaged in feeding 

 on leaf at right; b, a much girdled twig illustrating the effect of birds in search- 

 ing for eggs or young larvae. 



