GRAZING. 



;iO AMERICAN FORESTRY 



This reconnaissance showed that ;>o per types. For example, rabbit brush and 



cent of the 100 milHon feet of lodge- bitter brush, both excellent sheep feed, 



pole pine was either dead or dying, are found almost entirely in the dry 



Within a year after this estimate was yellow-pine type. 



made a sale was consummated and in- On forests where grazing is of great 



dications are that the infestation will importance, a detailed grazing recon- 



hereafter be short-lived. naissance is made, differing from timber 



reconnaissance only in that it secures 

 detailed information on forage rather 



Undoubtedly the most important re- than on timber. With an inventory of 



suit of timber reconnaissance from the the forage of a region as a basis, the 



standpoint of grazing is the topograph- next most important matter is the means 



ical map. This map, besides locating for utilizing this crop in the most eco- 



such topographical features as roads, nomic way. Detailed studies, on the 



trails, streams, bridges, lakes, and res- areas that need it most, can be insti- 



ervoirs, also locates such minor features tuted concerning the different species of 



of especial value for grazing adminis- grass and brush, their seeding times and 



tration as old cabins and shacks, old \alue as feed, etc., etc. Other larger 



sheep camps, corrals, drift fences, salt problems remain yet to be solved, and 



licks, water holes, springs, and seeps, these studies and investigations can be 



The contours on the map immediately more economically carried on after a 



suggest grazing districts and grazing reconnaissance has been made of the 



units. By consulting this map it would region in question, 

 be no difficult matter to divide a given 



region into individual range allotments FOREST policy. 



which are bounded by natural barriers The Forest Service is in the van of 



such as ridges and streams. the forestry movement in the United 



The forest type map secured in con- States. It is by all odds the largest 



nection with the topographical map corporation which practices forestry, 



mentioned above may be looked upon Hence it has a powerful influence in 



as the basis for a general stock-taking shaping the forest policy of the coun- 



of the forage possibilities of a given try as a whole. Whatever the Forest 



region. This map shows in colors what Service does now, the lumberman will 



areas are covered by timber, by brush, do as soon as he can see that it means 



by grassland, and by water. This im- money in his pocket. Just so with 



mediately gives an idea of the relative reconnaissance. The lumbermen will 



amounts of grass and herbaceous plants soon see that it will be to their advan- 



and the amount of browse. In addition tage to find out what they have, where 



to this it gives the areas covered by the it is, and what is to be done with it. 



various timber types. This is also of In other words, they will go about the 



considerable value wdien it is known matter of preparing working plans for 



that certain plants and shrubs occur their lands just as the Forest Service 



almost entirely within certain forest is doing now. 



Thirty different wood preservatives are in commercial use in the United States; many 

 of them utilise creosote of one sort or another; others require chemical salts. 



Last year the forest service distributed 116,000 basket willow cuttings: 15,000 to forest 

 schools, 20,000 to agricultural experiment stations, and 81,000 to individuals. 



More than 800,000 horsepower has been developed from streams on national forests under 

 government regulation. This represents the output under conditions of lowest strcamflow. 



Florida buttonwood, a tree confined largely to the keys along the south coast, is very 

 highly prised for use in cooking on ship's galleys. It burns slowly with an even heat and 

 makes but little smoke or ash. 



