FORESTRY ON THE COUNTRY ESTATE 109 



planting to do, thinning on other sections row staggered, the reason being that a 



and in due time a steady yearly yield of tree taken out then gives the maximiim 



lumber to market. growth space for the surrounding sur- 



I have confined this dissertation to vivors. A thinning should be planned 



conifers, partly because the lumber so as to leave the crowns of the sur- 



situation is steadily growing more acute viving trees nearly touching, and always 



with them, partly because State raised take out the suppressed and spindling 



conifei transplants may be had in large trees so as to give the dominant sturdy 



quantities cheaply. And in case your specimens a chance to make their 



state has no well equipped forest maximum growth. You will need fire 



service there are at least a dozen large and logging lanes between the sections, 



forestry concerns which are able to In laying out either, remember that the 



furnish you millions of transplants at crown of any tree not crowded by 



prices equal to or lower than the State neighbors will have a diameter in feet 



nursery charges. equal to three times its trunk diameter 



A few more words as to forest arrange- in inches. The trees bordering a fire 



ment: The spacing of the young trees lane come under this rule. A twelve 



has always been a matter for argument year white pine with three inch trunk 



pro and con. In Germany it is very will then have a crown diameter of nine 



narrow, spruce, fir and Sylvester pine feet, that is, its longest branches will 



being all planted on one meter spacing be four and one half feet long. Sections 



or even less. As they have a ready of this age should have a ten foot fire 



market for all the thinnings, poles, and lane separating them wherefore the 



faggots, the arrangement is a logical border transplants should be nineteen 



business outcome. But with us small feet center to give you a ten foot fire 



thinnings are a source of embarrass- lane must be widened to twenty-five 



ment and a six-foot spacing gives the feet, usually done by taking away the 



trees a change to reach fifteen years outside row of trees, first on one section 



growth before a thinning becomes im- and then on the other. In general 



perative. And they are best painted these fire lanes should occur about four 



in quincunx, that is with each alternate hundred feet apart throughout the forest. 



{To he continued.) 



The State university lands in A rizona are to he lumbered under a cooperative agreement between 

 he Government and the State land commission. Arizona is the first State in the southwest and one of 

 ew in the country to cut its timbered lands on forestry principles. 



Makers of phonographs are aiming to use wood instead of metal in all parts of the instrument where 

 this is possible, in order to increase the mellowness of the tone. 



On the Pocatello forest, Idaho, 230,000 trees were planted during the past year, and almost half a 

 million in the past three years, fully three-fourths of which are alive and doing well. 



Experiments in the use of aspen for shingles show that the shingles do not check in seasoning, and 

 that they turn water satisfactorily, but that they are too easily broken in handling. 



There are somewhat more than 500 recognized tree species in the United States, of which about 100 

 are commercially important for timber. Of the 500 recognized species, 300 are represented in the 

 Government's newly acquired Appalachian forests. All American species, except a very few sub- 

 tropical ones on the Florida keys atid in extreme southern Texas, are to be found in one or another of 

 the national forests. 



D. E. Lauderburn, a forest engineer, has withdrawn as a member of the firm of Vitale and Rothery 

 of New York City, and is now engaged in the business of timber estimating and other branches of 

 forest engineering at 56 Worth Street, New York City. 



