NEWS AND NOTES 401 



a shelterbelt for both protection and paper pulp last year just twice as much 



the growing of timber. as was used in 1899, the first year for 



Corn will be the crop studied behind which detailed figures were available, 



the windbreak this year. Trustworthy More than two and one-half million 



conclusions cannot be obtained by com- tons of pulp were produced. The pulp 



paring results from different crops, mills used three hundred thousand more 



Each crop makes its own demand upon cords of wood in 1907 than in the pre- 



the soil, so that what would destroy vious year. 



one might do little harm to another. The amount of spruce used was sixty- 

 Corn is a particularly good crop to ex- eight per cent, of the total consumption 

 periment with because it is easily in- of pulp wood, or 2,700,000 cords. The 

 jured by hot, dry winds, will not stand increased price of spruce has turned 

 shading, and is very sensitive to frost, the attention of paper manufacturers 



The instruments and apparatus for to a number of other woods, hemlock 

 each state will be read weekly by per- ranking next, with 576,000 cords, or 

 sons assigned to that duty by the Agri- fourteen per cent, of the total con- 

 cultural Experiment Stations in the re- sumption. More than nine per cent, 

 spective states. The whole work will was poplar, and the remainder consist- 

 be in charge of an expert for the For- ed of relatively small amounts of pine, 

 est Service at Washington, who will be cottonwood, balsam, and other woods, 

 assisted this summer by three or four There was a marked increase last 

 persons, also from the Forest Service, year in the importation of spruce, which 

 who will study general conditions in the has always been the most popular wood 

 states under investigation, in regard to for pulp. For a number of years pulp 

 the efifect of windbreaks on crops. The manufacturers of this country have been 

 work will continue until crops are gath- heavily importing spruce from Canada, 

 ered next fall, when the actual yield of since the available supply of this wood 

 sheltered fields will be measured, and in the north-central and New England 

 results compared with near-by unshel- states, where most of the pulp mills 

 tered fields. Some of the observations are located, is not equal to the demand, 

 will continue through the winter. Figures show that the amount of this 



It is expected that the results will be valuable pulp wood brought into this 



published both by the Forest Service country was more than two and one- 



and by the experiment stations which half times as great in 1907 as in 1899. 



cooperate in carrying out the work. In 1907 the importations were larger 



than ever before, being twenty-five per 



^ ^ ^ cent, greater than in 1906. The spruce 



™. J , D . imports last year amounted to more 



wood-'pulp Report . ^ ,1 • 1 <• ^1 u.- r 



*^ than one-third of the consumption of 



A PRELIMINARY report of the con- spruce pulp wood. Only a slightly 



sumption of pulp wood and the greater amount of domestic spruce was 



amount of pulp manufactured last year used than in 1906. 



has just been issued by the Bureau of Large quantities of hemlock were 

 the Census. The advance statement is used by the Wisconsin pulp mills, and 

 made from the statistics collected by the report shows that the Beaver State 

 the Census Bureau in cooperation with now ranks third in pulp production, 

 the United States Forest Service. New York and Maine ranking first and 

 Many of the figues bring out interest- second, respectively. Poplar has been 

 ing facts which show the rapid growth used for a long time in the manufac- 

 of the paper-making and allied indus- ture of high-grade paper, but the sup- 

 tries during the last decade. Nearly ply of this wood is limited and the con- 

 four million cords of wood, in exact sumption of it has not increased rapidly.* 

 numbers 3,962,660 cords, were used in Wood pulp is usually made by either 

 the United States in the manufacture of one of two general processes, mechani- 



