384 Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, N. Y. 



whose fruit the great Jehovah forbade our first parent, Adam, to 

 eat. * * * 



" Hieron Bruusch calls that apple the Paradise in which the 

 bite of Adam and Eve can be seen." * * * 



" Gesnerus * * * says there are two kinds of dwarf ap- 

 ples, one of which is called the Paradise apple. This variety, 

 * * * is similar to that which Matthise Curtius calls the 

 Paradise. It is white, and ripens late in July. The plant is a 

 bush not more than 4 cubits [6 feet] high, propagating itself 

 from the roots." 



Parkinson describes the Paradise apple in the following brief 

 terms :* " The Paradise apple is a faire, goodly yellow apple, but 

 light and spongy, and of a bitterish sweet taste, not to be com- 

 mended." 



No single variety can, therefore, have been considered as the 

 true apple of Paradise, or Adam's apple, by those early writers. 

 Their descriptions include those apples which grow upon bushes 

 or low trees, these having the power of propagating themselves 

 rapidly by suckers or underground stems, and whose fruit is 

 light colored, often tinged with red on the sunny side. Even in 

 more modern times, the name Paradise has been very loosely used. 

 Koch speaks as follows regarding its present significance in Ger- 

 many, f " By the name Paradise apple we now designate, as was 

 formerly done by the Italians especially, a considerable number 

 of different varieties, all of which are especially handsome. In 

 northern Germany the name applies to Pyrus spectabUis. The 

 pomologolist Henne considered it as belonging to the White 

 Winter Kalvill, while the Red Fall Kalvill was called by Diel 

 the Red Paradise. In the Netherlands, the Eiser also bears the 

 name of the Double Sour Paradise. We also have a yellow Para- 

 dise; and the Red Stettine is frequently termed Paradise. Many 

 other cases might be mentioned." J 



These examples will suffice to show with what freedom the 

 name Paradise was applied to apples which possessed such 

 beauty that their beholders were brought under the same spell as 



* "Piiradisns Terrestris,'' 1629, 588. 



t *' Die Dnetschen Obstgeholze," Stuttgart, 1876, 62. 



t See volume 1. of Doclmal's " Fiihrer tier Obstkunde." 



