CONTENTS. 



I. Paclcing-Jiouses for fruit. (Page 409). — There are two types of packing- 

 houses for fruit iu use in western New York. One is a combined packing and 

 storing house, and an excellent example is figured in cuts 112 and 123. The 

 other is a packing-house only, without cellar, and is cheaply built. A good style 

 of this type of building is shown in Figs. 124 and 125. These houses were built 

 for grape packing, but they could be easily adapted to other fruits. The sorting 

 and packing of grapes by Keuka and Chautauqua methods are illustrated in 

 Figs. 126 and 127 respectively. The methods of handling apples on a large scale 

 in sheds, are represented by Fig. 129. The value of these figures and descrip- 

 tions lies less in the direct information which they give than in the emphasis 

 which they place upon the importance of careful handling and packing of fruit. 



II. History of the Ohio liaspherrij. (Page 420). — Tbe Ohio raspberry of western 

 New York, which is the leading variety used in the extensive evaporating in- 

 dustry, is not the Ohio Everbearing of the books. The latter was the first 

 variety to introduce black raspberry culture. It is probably lost to cultivation. 

 The present Ohio came into cultivation about thirty years ago, presumably 

 coming from Ohio. 



III. The Mistletoe Disease of the Blackberry. (Page 424). — The account de- 

 scribes an injury to blackberry canes caused by the blackberry psylla or flea- 

 louse. Spraying with kerosene emulsion and burning the deformed clusters, if 

 they appear, are the proper remedies. 



IV. Boot-galls. (Page 425). — There is much complaint of the presence of root- 

 galls in orchards and nurseries. So far as we know, these galls are not due to 

 the work of any organism. They appear to be the restilt of some injury, or of 

 some untoward condition of the soil or the treatment. When numerous, they 

 may seriously interfere with the vitality of the tree. Galls should be removed 

 from all trees before setting (Page 426). 



Y. Are Dewberries worth growing? (Page 435). — The Lucretia dewberry is- 

 earlier than the standard blackberries, and the fruit sells for a blackberry. If 

 properly grown aud trained on stakes or a wire trellis, it is capable of being- 

 made a profitable fruit. 



VI. The Gounii. (Page 442). — This bush, a native of Japan, is a most desir- 

 able shrub for ornament, and its fruit is edible and gives promise of much use- 

 fulness if improved by cultivation and selection. 



VII. T'he Winter Injuries. (Page 441). — The past winter was excessively se- 

 vere upon vegetation. The injuries were no doubt augmented by the unusual 

 drought and the dryness of the soil. Suggestions are given for the pruning and 

 treatment of winter-injured trees. 



VIII. Crimson Clover for Orchards. (Page 451). — The recent experience 

 shows that crimson clover is often useful in orchards, but that we have not yet 

 fully learned how to grow it. If sown in late July or early August on a well 

 prepared seed-bed, it is about as reliable as red clover. 



