ON THE NATURE OF THE SUGARS FOUND IN 

 THE TUBERS OF ARROWHEAD. 



By 



K. MiYAKE, NofjahusM. 



mm ^ (D m (D '^^ izm. t x 



^ m ± H ^ a ^ 



The present paxjer embodies the result of our study ou the nature of the 

 sugars found in the aiTowhead tubers (Sagittaria sagittifolia forma sinensis), and 

 forms a part of the investigation of sugars contained in the underground reserve 

 organs of plants, now being conducted in our laboratory. 



In the reserve organs of plants, the substances must be kept in a highly 

 condensed form in order that they may be stored up in as small a space as 

 I)ossible, since the nutrition of the young shoots in early spring necessarily 

 depends on the materials stored up in these organs. Li fact, such a substance 

 as a starch, which is a highly condensed form of glucose, is generally abundant- 

 ly stored in the underground organs of many plants. From this reason, it may 

 be inferred that the sugars in these organs will also take the higher condensed 

 forms rather than ordinary monosaccharide. 



Investigations of the sugars in the underground reserve organs, up to 

 the present time, have revealed the presence of the following : — maltose (in sugar 

 beet^^), raffinose (in Beta viilgaris^^), gentianose (in the rhizome of Gentiana 



1) Stoklasa,-Zs. £. Zuckerind. in Bohmen, Bd. 24, P. 560 (1899). 



2) Boivin & Leiseau,- Compt. rend., Tome 60, P. 164 (1865) ; Loiseau,- Journ. de fabr. de sucre. 

 Bd. 24, P. 52 ; Bd. 26, P. 23 ; La sucrerie indigene, Bd. 23, P. 96 ; Compt. rend., Tome 82, P. 1058 

 (1876) ; Zs. d. Vereins d. d. Znckerind., Bd. 35, P. 1108 (1885); Lippman,- Chem. Ztg., Bd. 8, P. 386 

 (1884) ; Zs. d. Vereins d. d. Zuckerind., Bd. 35, P. 257 (1885) ; Bd. 41, P. 519 (1891) ; Tollens,- Ber. 

 D. chem. Ges., Bd. 18, P. 26 (1855) ; Zs. d. Vereins d. d. Ziickerind.. Bd. 35, P. 31 (1885) ; Bd. 36, P. 

 212 (1886) ; Scbeibler,- Ber. D. chem. Ges., Bd. 18, P. 1779 (1885) ; Zs. d. Vereins d. d. Zuckerind., Bd.. 

 35, P. 844 (1885) ; Leblay,- Bull, de I'Assoc. des chimistes, Bd. 3, P. 166 (1886) ; Pellet & Biard,- La 

 sucrerie indigens, Bd. 25, P. 503 (1888) ; Botlenbsnder.-Zs. d. Vereins d. d. Zuckerind., Bd. 38. P. 597 

 (1888) etc. 



