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According to my observations the places of the entrance from yo to 80 percent 

 are on the sides of the fruit, wliile from 20 to 30 percent on the stem or calyx. 



Tune spent in the fruit — r^om the nature of the case it is most difficult to get 

 exact data on this point, as there are many accidents which may prove fatal to the 

 parasite. On only ten larvae was the writer able to obtain results definite enough 

 to use with any degree of confidence. The average of all these observations is 

 about 50 days. When about full grown the larva makes a passage-way to outside 

 of the fruit and this is usually made toward the sWe of the apple. 



Place of spinning cocoo)is — The larva on passing out of the apple crawls about 

 on the surface of the fruit, and immediately seeks a place in which to spin a cocoon. 

 If the apple is still upon the tree, the larva lets itself down to the ground by means 

 of a silken thread. If the apple has fallen to the ground the larva simply crawls 

 into the soil and spins there its cocoon. After leaving the fruit the larva is un- 

 protected, and it does not consume much time for entering into the soil. 



In an orchard the cocoons are normally found in the earth. But the larva 

 which has been developed later in the season, spins its cocoon sometimes on the 

 inside of boxes or barrels. 



The cocoon — The cocoon is composed of silk, secreted by a pair of silk glands, 

 which are situated on either side of the alimentary canal. When a suitable place 

 has been selected for the spinning of the cocoon, the larva begins to weave about 

 itself a single thread of the silk. While spinning the larva is bent upo.i itself 

 and decreases considerably in size. When the cocoon is completed, which takes 

 usually about one day, the larva straightens out and contracts in length. 



The cocoon is spindle-shaped, about 10 mm. ia length, and consists of two 

 layers. While the exterior layer may be rough, the interior is always smooth. 



The larva hibernates in the cocoon, and in the next early spring, the larval 

 skin is shed and the insect becomes a pupa. The cast larval skin can always be 

 found at the caudal end of the body, shriveled into a rounded mass. 



The Pupa. 



The pupa is about 5 mm. in length and brown in color. The head, antennae, 

 eyes, mouth parts, legs, and wings of the moth are apparent in sheaths which are 

 immovably attached to the body. The abdominal segments are movable. The 



