926 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



ing to Oberforster Krutina : The experimental plot was In addition to the white pine, numerous other Ameri- 



established in 1887 bv jjlanting three-year-old Douglas can species of pine have been introduced into Germany, 

 fir and two-year-old Xorwav s|iruce at a distance of four and can be seen in gardens, groves, and plantations. The 



si)ecies that is receiving the greatest con- 

 sideration at the present time is the Jack 

 pine, due to its ability to grow on very 

 drv and sterile soil. It began to be in- 

 troduced I in a large scale after 1S'.)(I. in 

 which year Professor Alayr brought it to 

 light. In the vicinity of Eberstadt in 

 the state of Hesse are large parallel plan- 

 tations of Jack pine and Scotch pine. 

 The former grows more rapidly and 

 straighter, and seems less sensitive to 

 snow break, .More than a half million 

 trees of this species have alreaily been 

 planted in the state of Kavaria. .V single 

 rirni distributed more than si.x million 

 plants throughout Germany in l!lO(i. 

 just as jack pine is on the rise, so pitch 

 pine is (in the wane. Most of the stands 

 I if the latter species were established 

 with the belief that it yielded the pitch 

 (if commerce. Aljout twenty-five years 

 ago the mistake became fully known and 

 since then it has lieen receiving little 

 consideration. It is said to suffer con- 

 siderably froiu Cdld, late and early frosts, 

 snow, and wind. .Many of the existing 

 stands are being remo\'ed rapidh- to 



WHITE PIXE UURIXG TUIXXIXC. ML XlCll'AL l-'UREST, EKAXKFUKT, GliU.MAXV 



First heavy thinning in this ." 

 stand was removed. 



l-year-oUl stand. Ahont 3.5 l)er cent of the volume of the 

 Liglit thinnings were made at an earher date. 



feet. The planting cost .'fL-Jfi iier acre. 

 In li)();] the stand consisted of :!-! C(ir(l> 

 of Douglas fir and 7 cords of sjiruce. In 

 iy08 this same stand consisted of -i-'l 

 cords of Douglas fir and liJij. cords of 

 spruce. The average animal increment 

 for the five years from 11)0:!-1!)OS was 

 2.38 cords. The height of the Douglas 

 fir and S])ruce in I'.tns was 4."i and '.VI 

 feet, resjiectively. 



The Sitka spruce is the only exotic 

 species of spruce receiving forestal con- 

 sideration in Germany at present. It 

 was introduced into luirope as late as 

 18;il, or aljout one hundi-ed anil twenty- 

 five years after the white and the black 

 spruce. .Along the Rhine, in lowland 

 and e\en in extremeh wet areas, it 

 seems to thrixe. L'pon fre>h loam xiil 

 it has made a height growth of !• feet in 

 five years, and II.-) feet in eleven years. 

 It thrives upon areas where the natiw 

 European species simply exists, and sur- 

 ])asses the latter in both height and 

 vohmie growth. It sut'fers more from 

 frost than the n,ili\e h'uropean si>ecies. and is more sub- make ]ilace for more \aUiable and more iiromising 

 ject to damage 1i\- liniwsing animals than the Colorado species. 



blue sprnce. In I'.Mi!! the forests of the state of liailen The I'dg Tree, also known as Seiiuoi.i, 



alone contained 70 acres of Silk.i spruce. foini.L, is comimin in |iark> and is occasional 



r.iAXT AL;ii(i[(\iiAi-. AXi) iX(, i:xsi-; c 



In the l-arU forest llel^1l^'llly lo Ihe (■(.nut vnn lierkheim. 



i:i)Au 



Weinheim. C. 



from C.ali- 

 \\ founil in 



