900 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



Courtesy The Soutlicrn Pine Association. 



LOXGLEAF PINE BOARDS 



Immense quantities of Longleaf pine are made into flooring, and manu- 

 facturers of window and door frames and of sash and doors draw 

 supplies of raw material liberally from this source. It finds place as 

 finish for kitchens, halls, libraries and sleeping apartments and is 

 made into stairs, railing, molding, spindles, balusters and newel posts 

 and also for the manufacture of furniture, cabinets and wardrobes. 



wick, Jacksom-ille, Pensacola, Mobile, Gulfport and Xt;\v 

 Orleans, all figure as trade and export centers. 



According to the l"3th and l^ith Censtises, the value of 

 the naval stores produced in the different Slates in round 

 numbers was as follows : 



11)10 llll.K) 



Fl.irida $1-2,00(),0(JO $(!, 500,000 



Georgia s.oiio.OiiO 8,000,000 



Alabama ■.',.">o(i.(mi(i 3,000,0(10 



Mississippi l,.")0O,00ti 1 ,."iOO,(iOO 



Louisiana 1 ,-.? .'10,01 10 1,000, OOo 



North Carolina ::)0,000 1,000,00(1 



South Carolina 9:>(i,000 750,000 



Te.xas 2(10.000 



The value of the naval >tores production for a serie^^- 

 of years as taken from the Census reports is as fi.illows- 



1S4I1 $ 2,855,057 



185!) (;,468,3(;0 



ISCI) ,3,585,369 



is; II 5.585,3(i9 



18,S!I .S,077,37!) 



18!)9 20,344,888 



1909 25,295,017 



In 1!)09 the total jiroduction was 289,888,954 gallons 

 of turpentine, \ alued at $12,(;54,288, and 3,2(13,857 barrels 



of resin valued at $12,576,731. About 50 per cent of 

 the crop was exported. The amount of naval stores pro- 

 duced from other .American trees is insignificant. 



WOOD TAK AS A r.V-rRODl'CT 



^\'ood tar is produced from pine wood. The original 

 process was very primitive. Dry wood, often roots, 

 slumps and logging waste was piled in a pit which had 

 an underground opening. The pile was covered and 

 fired in the same manner as a charcoal pit, and as com- 

 liustion ])roceeded the tar flowed into the underground 

 opening and was collected in barrels. Pitch is obtained 

 by boiling down or burning wood tar. W^ith the passing 

 i.if wooden ships and sailing vessels, the demand for tar 



Conrtcsy of the Mannal Aits Press. 



LON'GLEAF P1.\E BOARDS 



Board on left is quarter sawed, sawing having been done at right angles 

 to the annual rings. Board on right is bastard or tangential cut, 

 sawing having been done parallel with or tangential to annual rings. 



and pitch has fallen off. Today most of the pine tar is 

 used by destrncti\e distillation in iron kilns. 



The collection of the crude resin, which is the raw 

 product from which resin and turpentine are made, was 

 originally carried on by digging holes in the ground at 

 the base of the trees and then gashing the trullk^ so that 

 the resin would flow from the wound into the hole. This 

 crude and wasteful method gave way to the svstem 

 known as "boxing," in which a liollow or "box" is cut 

 in the tree at its Ijase and into which the resin flows from 

 the cut face above. This svstem, too, is wasteful, both 



