-t*^v. 



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.MODEL OF WASTE IX A LOGGING OPEKATIOX 



This piioiograph is one of a series cf five mocJels prepared by the Forest Service tor exhibition purposes to indicate the "Loss of Wood from the 

 Forest to the Consumer." The first model shows the trees growing in the forest, the contents of which in board measure was taken to be 100 

 per cent of 4o,000 feet. The second model, shown above, represents the "Logging operation." Here the trees referred to in the description 

 of the first model are shown as having been felled, witli tops laid aside and logs piled. The waste here is in the tops and stumps, and has 

 been computed to represent together 13 per cent, or 5,954 board feet of the original trees, ST per cent or 39,S4G board feet of the original trees 

 being the contents in board measure of the logs secured in the operation. 



The Forest Service Exhibit 



Bv Don Carlos Ellis 



THE exhibit of the United States Forest Service 

 at the San Francisco Exposition, which was 

 viewed by many thousands, was nmst vakiable 

 ni imparting a knowledge of forests and all thev mean, 

 to the jteople. The purpose of the displav was to show, 

 first, the need of forest protection because of the value 

 of the forest to the health, wealth and beauty of the 

 country, and because of the great destruction of forests, 

 due to waste in use and to fire; second, the results of 

 Forest Service investigations in the reduction of waste by 

 the use of better methods of manufacture and the making 

 of by-prodr,cts, the preservative treatment of timber an<l 

 proper wood conditioning; third, the protection and 

 administration of the Xational Forests ; fourth, that 

 these Forests are very much used by the public ; and 

 fifth, the nature of the most important of those uses. 



As the visitor entered the exhibit space from one of 

 the main entrances the display which caught his eye was a 

 series of five models showing the progress of wood from 

 the forest through the sawmill and the planing mill to 

 the finished house and telling the waste of woo 1 incident 

 to each step. This waste amounts to about )i."i jier cent 

 of the original tree. .Mongside these models was a 

 lliu 



series of four models of a paper machine, a wood distill;i- 

 tion plant, a woodworking factory, and a tannic extract 

 plant, bearing labels suggesting that much wood waste 

 can be utilized in the manufacture of such by-products 

 as paper, alcohol, acetate of lime, wood flour, acetone, 

 turj)entine, rosin, tannic acid, and oxalic acid, and many 

 small wooden commodities. Above the case containing 

 these models was a frieze upon which many of th.^se 

 conunodities. the bv-products which can be manufactured 

 from waste and specimens of the waste, were displayed. 

 The Forest Service has established a wood-waste ex- 

 change for bringing those having waste wood to dispose 

 of in touch with those who can use it. 



A miniature impact timber-testing machine was at 

 work upon a raised platform, beneath which were dis- 

 played timbers whose resistance to various kinds of stress 

 has been determined at the Forest Service laboratories. 



'ictures nf the \ari(ius types of timber-testing 



ichinc 



were placed at the ends of the table. 



An exhil)it of special interest to liunbernicn was a 

 working miniature of the humidity dry kiln used at the 

 Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, Wisconsin, in 

 which both temperature and humidity can be controlled. 



