STATV, lIORTTriLTin AT, SOPTETV. 35 



means of which he has been able to destroy many foes, as Chinch-bugs, 

 Curculios and Canker-worm moths, and protect many friends. The plan, 

 I think, is certainly a good one, and deserves more attention than it re- 

 ceives. 



It will be seen from what I have said that I think, so far as insects 

 are concerned, only such crops should be grown as require cultivation, 

 and as are planted and harvested the same season ; and here I may add 

 that, beyond all doubt it is well to rotate, and this rotation should not 

 consist simply of a change from one cereal to another, but from one char- 

 acter of plants to another. 



Pruning. — The third division of Orchard Culture, as we have ar- 

 ranged it, applies to pruning, including under that head all that relates 

 to keeping the trees clean. Here the horticulturist comes in direct con- 

 tact with his insect enemies; here he meets them face to face. Here he 

 meets the Canker-worm and Leaf-rollers, destroying the foliage of his 

 trees ; the Tent-caterpillars, covering the branches with unsightly webs ; 

 the Bark-lice, spotting their twigs and stems with minute scales, sucking 

 the life therefrom ; the Flat-head borers and larvae of the Saperdae, per- 

 forating their trunks; the Aegeria, channeling their roots, and the Apple- 

 root blight, knotting and distorting these vital organs. 



The long-range gun and far-reaching cannon are of no value here, 

 the bayonet must be set and the sword unsheathed, for here the battle 

 becomes hand-to-hand. 



One of the first means of contending with these myrmidons, which 

 suggests itself under this head, is so far as possible to dislodge and destroy 

 them. This means work, but I have no remedy to propose that does not 

 mean work in some form, except one, which I will hereafter mention. 

 If this could always be thoroughly and completely done, it would, as a 

 matter of course, be a specific, but unfortunately this is seldom the case, 

 and even where it is possible the cost usually exceeds the profit, which is 

 a matter always to be considered in proposing remedies. Still much, 

 and I might say very much, can be done in this way to decrease the num- 

 ber and lessen the injury ; in fact, under this head we find some of the 

 most efficient special remedies which have so far been discovered. 



Large numbers of various species, as you are well aware, may be dis- 

 lodged and brought down by jarring the trees. This, I believe, is still 

 considered the chief remedy against the little Turk, and also one of the 

 most effectual against certain caterpillars. A number of ingenious de- 

 vices, with which you are all acquainted, have been adopted to aid in this 

 operation. But without going farther into particulars — which is not our 

 intention at present, except so far as necessary to illustrate — we may in- 

 clude all relating to this point under the heading — 



Dislodging by Jarring. — Another method of dislodging is hy gather- 

 ing. 'I'his forms one of our most important practical remedies, and 

 should be rigorously resorted to so far as practicable, and if a little in- 

 genuity is disijlayed this is oftener the case than many conceive it to 

 be. Under another hearl I will mention another agency which can aid in 

 this operation. 



