STATE HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 209 



The larva, when fully grown, varies considerably in size, but is usu- 

 ally nearly an inch long, and about one-fourth of an inch in diameter at 

 the broadest part. It is cylindrical in form, which distinguishes it from 

 the flat-headed borer; the segment immediately behind the head is con- 

 siderably larger and broader than the others, with'a tawny yellow spot of 

 a somewhat horny consistency on the upper side. The head is a shining 

 chestnut brown, the jaws deep black. The body is soft and fleshy, and 

 of a very pale yellow, or whitish color. The two segments immediately 

 behind the larger one, are much shorter than the others ; on the top of 

 the last six or seven segments is a double wart-like elevation. 



Although its attacks are directed chiefly against the apple tree, yet, 

 according to Dr. Harris, it is also frequently found injuring the quince, 

 mountain ash, hawthorn and other thorn bushes, the June-berry or shad- 

 bush, and other kinds oi Amelanchier and Aronia. 



Remedies. — The chief remedies in this case are, in fact, preventives, 

 and consist, first, in keeping rubbish cleaned away from the base of the 

 trunk during the spring and early summer months, especially May and 

 June: second, in applying soap to them during the month of May and 

 first part of June. For this purpose soft soap should be used, and should 

 be rubbed on the lower part of the trunk and in the axils of the lower 

 limbs, as the female sometimes lays her eggs at these points. It would 

 be advantageous to place a mixture of soil and ashes ground the base or 

 collar of the trunk. 



Mr. Wier, who has had much experience with this insect, says that, 

 if watched carefully and taken in time, the larvae can easily be cut out 

 with a knife. This should be done from the first to the middle of 

 September, at which time they can easily be detected by the refuse cast 

 from their burrows. 



Spec. Char. Imago. — Head vertical, about as broad as the front part of the thorax; 

 eyes large ; antenna; nearly as long as the body, tapering, first joint much thicker than 

 any other. Thorax cylindrical; sides parallel; narrower than the elytra; somewhat 

 longer than wide. Elytra long and narrow, slightly widened in front ; shoulders 

 rounded; not furrowed, but smooth. Face white; eyes black. The coloring of the 

 thorax and elytra consists of five stripes, three of which — the two outer and middle one 

 — are cinnamon brown and rather wider than the two intermediate ones, which are 

 white; each of these stripes is very distinct, and all extend from the head to the tip of 

 the elytra. Under side thickly covered with white down. Legs and antenna' dark 

 ash color. 



Length as given above. 



A LIST OK THE PRINCIPAL SPECIES HEREIN DESCRIBED, WITH THE NAMES AND PARTS 



OF THE PLANTS THEY INJURE. 



*b. Ips \-signalus (fasdatus). Fruit of apple and pear. 



b. Plalycerus quercus. Twigs and buds of pear. 



b. Pliyllophaga fusca. General leaf-eater. 



b. Phyllophaga pilosicollis. General leaf-eater. 



* Note. — b. denotes that the specie? operates in the beetle state ; /. in the larva state. 

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