TRANSACTIONS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY OF NORTHERN ILL. 355 



The other wood-boring larv?e found in this State belong the order 

 Cokoptera, and are beetles in the perfect state. Following the characters 

 we have selected, these larvae can be grouped into two sections: those 

 without legs, and those possessing six small legs situated on the three 

 front segments. 



The footless borers belong to several widely different families, but 

 for the most part can be placed in their respective families by their larval 

 characters. For example, the buprestian larv^, those belonging to the 

 family Buprestida which contains the saw-horned wood-beetles, may be 

 fairly represented by this flat-headed apple-tree borer {Chrysobothris 

 fenioratd) \\'\i\\ which you are all too familiar. The head is small : the 

 segment behind the head is much enlarged ; the body is somewhat flat- 

 tened, especially the large segment ; it is without feet. This raspberry- 

 cane borer, (^Agrilus riificoUis,) although comparatively much narrower 

 and presenting some peculiar character, still corresponds in general char- 

 acteristics with the flat-headed apple-tree borer. The beetles produced 

 from larvae of this kind are oblong-oval in shape, tapering behind, with 

 rather short and usually minutely serrate antennae ; the head is deeply 

 sunk in the thorax, and they are generally more or less distinctly marked 

 with metallic colors. 



The larvae which most closely resemble these are the footless larvae 

 of the long-horned wood-beetles {CerambycidcB), and belong chiefly to 

 the sub-family Lamiides, of which the round-headed apple-tree borer 

 {Saperda Candida) is a well-known representative. These larvae often 

 have the front segment considerably enlarged, but it is not often so large 

 in proportion to the other segments as in the buprestians; it is not 

 usually flattened, but is nearly or quite cylindrical. It is somewhat diffi- 

 cult to fix upon any prominent larval characters which distinguish these 

 groups from each other, and it is frequently difficult to tell to which a 

 larva belongs, though, as a general rule, the characters I have given will 

 suffice for this purpose. 



There are other footless wood-boring larvae, which can easily be distin- 

 guished from those mentioned by their minute size, seldom exceeding one- 

 fourth of an inch in length, and often Iqss than half that length ; rather 

 thick, tapering toward each extremity, and curved or arched, with numerous 

 transverse wrinkles. These belong to two families, Curculionidce, or snout- 

 weevils, and Scolytidce, or bark-miners. The boring curculios chiefly 

 confine their attacks to the twigs, or the inner bark of the trunk, especi- 

 ally of the conifera. The Scolytida; of our State are bark-miners ; a 

 familiar example being the hickory bark-miner [Scoly/us ^-spi/iosus ), which 

 forms the numerous radiating furrows so frequently seen on the under 

 surface of hickory bark. The perfect insect is scarcely an eighth of an 

 inch long, and is distinguished from the curculios by the absence of a 

 snout and the remarkably large thorax, which is nearly equal to the rest of 

 the body. 



The other coleopterous wood -boring larvce have six, usually, very 

 .small legs, situated on the front segments. This is characteristic of the 

 larvae of the other long-horned wood-beetles. Those of the sub-family 



