December i, 1S84.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST 



437 



_ 7. Information regarding tht Varieties of Cinchona Planted 

 m Java. — The hybrids planted out at Tjinjiroeau continue to 

 grow vigorously. Those produced by the crossing of C. 

 Josephiana and 0. micrantha commenced to blossom freely 

 here and there. Thu blossom, like the habit, holds a mean 

 between the two varieties from which they spring. Special 

 attention was paid to the hybrid resulting from the fertil- 

 ization of C. Ledgt vma with C. succirubra. As there are 

 found among the blossoming specimens of these now some 

 approximating in form of blossom to succirubra, then others 

 to Ledgeriana, chemical analysis must decide the question 

 whether the blossom is a satisfactory indication of a tree 

 rich or poor in quinine. The plants of C. Trianm continue 

 to grow equally well at all heights. 



8. Chemical Analyses.— la place of Hr. Bernelot Moens, 

 Hr. A. A. Maas-Geesteranus was appointed Assistant" Di- 

 rector fur the analysing of cinchona barks. The analyses 

 made by him were chiefly specimens of the harvest. Con- 

 formable with an agreement with the retiring Director of 

 the Cinchona Enterprize, the analyses of the barks brought 

 to sale were performed by him, while he also undertook 

 those made in the interests of thu culture. The acting 

 Assistant Director was thus relieved from performing chem- 

 ical analyses, and from March 1884 he will be occupied 

 with cultural operations solely. The results obtained by 

 Hr. Bernelot Moens wiD, so far as possible, be given in 

 the tnmeusual reports on the cinchona enterprize. 



Bandoeng, 7th March 1884. 



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■n„„/i„ ~ ».i ., , ,„ . Director, Govt, Oinelwna Enterprise. 

 Bandoeng, 7th March 1884. 



CEYLON PRODUCTION OF TEA. 



FROM AN INDIAN CRITIC'S POINT OF VIEW. 

 The question of tea planting and how it will pay in 

 Ceylon ,s one which we hear discussed now.a-day 8 pretty 

 frequently It is almost impossible to give an/ oerfcai 

 data on the subject, as there are no public registered 

 companies quoted on exchange, nor do we in any way 

 get reliable information. On one side we hear that as 

 much as ten maunds per acre have been given by old 

 lands that have borne coffee for many years, and we 

 must say that we have to swallow this with a gulp ere 

 we can believe. Nowhere can our best and most 

 experienced planters turn out anything like this from 

 the best virgin soils put under tea in Assam, and it is 

 not much wonder if most of the Assam planters are 

 sceptical with regard to the yields as reported in C.ylon 

 It is not likely that the Ceylon planter can teach his 

 eider brother anything with regard to tea, which is 

 to the former an entirely new departure, for is not the 

 coffee berry production the exact obverse to tea leaf 

 production? At one time tea was supposed only to 

 grow on teclah lands, but now that fallacy has been 

 exploded, and it is but rare now a-days to hear of any 

 extensions on such lands. So far as we arc aware, coffee 

 was in foimer years principally cultivated on pretty 

 steep slopes, ,t not actually teelat, and it would be 

 strange if, with such a short distance as it is from India 

 to Ceylon, the nutritive powers of that island should 

 be, we may say, doubled, or rather more so. We may 

 be accused after these statements of saying that Ceylon 

 ea plantations do not pay, but we, by no means, g^o so 

 far as this. We could mention the names of many 

 concerns giving a yield of live maundi per acre, which 

 have declared 40 percent dividends; double this, and 



°, liZ tl,a V W ° - V " ar ? the ° ri 8 inal outIa >' is more 'than 

 realized and every planter in Ceylon should have been 

 in a position to retire ong ago. In Ceylon, it must be 

 borne in mind, in making any calculations, that the 

 most expensive item is on the same footing as in 

 Assam : we refer to labour. We imagine that in many 

 instances the coolie costs the Ceylon planter quite as 

 much as his Assam brother, and although in' many 

 instances the Ceylon planter does not hotiie his coolhf 

 he pays so much higher a rale for the same result, that 

 this factor can be eliminated as not bearing on the 

 question much of how the tea industry pays better in 

 Ceylon than m Assam. Perhaps the most re able 

 c'n o/ir la F- Vet seen -* h - object is from the 

 ,, it t ,'. J , er g" sou ; ,f the Ceylon Observer, and 

 written to the Loudon Times. In this article Mr 

 Ferguson gives some statistics with regard to planting 

 industries generally in Ceylon, and with regard to , tef 

 he says: -"The current season will probably show an 



^ P n°nn "^ cxce3 f s t° f two m ! lliou V oan «*< »dwhen the 

 .S87RS X of tea now planted are in full bearing in 

 188T-88, the season s shipment ought to be equal to ten 

 million pounds Eventually, it is estimated Ceylo 

 should have 150.000 acres under tea, and an annual 

 export of 60 million pounds and upwards. It depends 

 on home capitalists very much how soon the result may 

 bo realized." We are not inclined by any means to 

 take a pessimist view with regard to Ceylon tea, and 

 we hope any Ceylon reader may not imagine ,o bu 

 it is strange that this acreage almost coincides with the 

 acreage ol the Cacbar districts in the Assam province • 

 and so far as it is possible to divide the figures of 

 outturn and that of Sylhet, the yield of Cachar is very 

 much higher than that of" Ceylon is expected to be^ 

 ami if this is to be the case, it will be a case of peeewoi 

 withmsnyan investor. Our own ideas on thesnbject 

 are that tea can be produced in Ceylon at about the 

 same rate as in Assam or Darjeeling, and no cheaper 

 and there ore tea profits must entirely be dependent 

 upon whether Ceylon planters can turn out a much 

 larger yield per aero than their Assam brethren 



