8 



AMERICAN FORESTRY 



The completion of this work rendered 

 possible the making of forest studies to 

 determine the value of the stands 

 on sample acres throughout extensive 

 tracts, and the information thus gained, 

 supplemented by reliable data relative 

 to existing means of transportation and 

 the possibility of bettering them, af- 

 forded an adequate foundation for a 

 publicity campaign which has been 

 persistently waged with a considerable 

 degree of success. 



The first lumbermen who attempted 

 to introduce modern machinery and 

 methods found that they had much to 

 learn, especially in the inatter of milling 

 logs. Many of the hard woods are 

 difficult to work and feeds had to be 

 cut down to avoid stripping the teeth 

 from the saws. Indeed up to the present 

 time it has proved impracticable to use 

 band saws successfully in milling the 

 harder woods. Little by little the 

 skidding engine and the logging railway 

 took the place of the slow -moving 

 carahao and up-to-date methods are 

 now firmlv established. 



Philippine forest lands are not subject 

 to alienation. Wood cutters pay a very 

 moderate stiuupage tax. Many lum- 

 beiTnen work under annual licenses 

 which may or may not be exclusive, but 

 such an arrangement would of course 

 not justify the investment of large 

 capital in the construction of logging 

 roads or the installation of expensive 

 machinery, and persons wishing to 

 operate on a large scale are granted 

 twenty-year license agreements cover- 

 ing tracts as large as they can reason- 

 ably be expected to utilize during the 

 time the licenses run. vSuch concessions 

 are in each case granted to the highest 

 and best bidder after being duly adver- 

 tised. They cost nothing, the "bid" 

 covering such items as the amount to 

 be invested, the value and character 

 of the plant to be installed, the time 

 within which operations will begin, 

 the scale on which they will be con- 

 ducted, the guaranteed minim tun annual 

 cut, and in some instances the percentage 

 of the total cut which will be offered 

 for sale to the oublic and the maximum 





H.\ULiNG Logs in the Philippines. 



THIS METHOD IS AN IMPROVEMENT OVER DRAGGING THEM ON THE GROUND BUT IT HAS ITS DRAWBACKS AS THE PHILIPPINE 

 HARDWOODS ARE HEAVY. NOTE THE SOLID WOODEN WHEELS OF THE CART. 



