BENEDICT, BAGOBO CEREMONIAL, MAGIC AND MYTH 113 



laid ten areca-nuts, and near the eleven green figures, nine areca- 

 nuts; while the odd white figure had eleven nuts beside it, and 

 the odd green one had nine. My notes do not state the precise 

 arrangement of the tingoto and of the leaf-dishes on the ground ; 

 but my impression is that the ten white figures and the eleven 

 green ones lay either inside of the leaf-dishes or close to them, 

 while the odd white figure and the odd green one lay apart at a 

 little distance. Close beside three of the leaf-dishes, three sprays 

 of magabadbad were planted, or stuck in the ground. 



After the ceremony, Oleng spoke to me of the symbolism. There 

 are ten. with one more, of the white figures and eleven, with one 

 more, of the green figures only because it has always been the 

 custom of the Bagobo to use that number at Ginum, for the celebra- 

 tion of Awas. He explained that the ten white figures are intended 

 to hold the sickness and keep it away from us, while the eleven 

 green figures are put there on account of the earthquake — to save 

 us from harm. The white and the green tingoto that are kept 

 apart from the rest represent the two horns of that great Buso 

 deer called Naat who has one good horn and one bad horn. The 

 white tingoto is the right antler, all of whose branches point upward 

 and are good ; but the green tingoto is the left antler, the bad 

 one, that has one branch growing downward. Then Oleng seized 

 my pen and made a diagrammatic sketch with a firm eager stroke, 

 for he clearly considered this detail a vital point in the ceremony. 



Ceremony of Tanung, or Magic Rites 

 against Buso. The distinctive elements of 

 the rite called Tanung are two : first, the 

 planting or sticking into the ground of a 

 clump of branches from various vegetable 

 growths that have a magic value; second, 

 the placing of large wooden images, 10:1 as 

 spirit scarers, at certain points near the 

 Long House. Like the Awas, there are two Fig. 2. — Antler of Buso deer 

 ceremonies with the same name. The first Dia S ram b F Datu 01en g showing 



t . m -tit ,t the left antler with one bad branch 



or preliminary Taming is held on the sec- turning downward and anotner 

 ond evening of Ginum, and the main rite branch tending to deflect. En- 

 at the close of the third day. The magical larsed ' 

 branches themselves are collectively called tanung, and the same 



Hein refers to similar usages among the wild tribes of Sarawak, where wooden 



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