36 ANNALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



during the dark of the moon; that is, between the phases that the moon 

 is full in the east and new in the west .... 



"The Tagamaling makes his house in trees that have hard wood, and low, 

 broad-spreading branches. His house is almost like gold, and is called 

 u Palimbing", but it is made so that you cannot see it; and, when you pass 

 by, you think, 'Oh! what a fine tree with big branches', not dreaming that 

 it is the house of a Tagamaling. Sometimes, when you walk in the forest, 

 you think you see one of their houses ; but when you come near to the place, 

 there is nothing. Yet you can smell the good things to eat in the house." 



Another literary reference to these legendary tree-dwellings of 

 the spirits is in a little poem, the text of which I have in manu- 

 script. A young man says to the girl whom he has seduced: 



"In the mountains hide you, 



Like Tagamaling's house concealed." 



A rustic demon well known in folklore is S'iring, 81 who, under 

 the guise of some relative or friend, lures a young person into the 

 densest part of the forest, causes him to lose memory and judgment, 

 and finally brings him to his death in some indirect manner. 

 What we call echo is the call of S'iring, who answers in a faint 

 voice the shout of some wanderer whom he is trying to entice from 

 the familiar trails. The S'iring is represented as having long sharp 

 nails and curly hair. 



The demon who "makes men dizzy" is Tagasoro, and his presence 

 at a ceremonial is greatly feared. 



Tagareso is an ugly fiend who stimulates ill-feeling and arouses 

 a quarrelsome spirit on festival occasions. He tries to make mar- 

 ried men dissatisfied with their wives, so that they will want to 

 run off and leave them. 



Balinsugu is another dangerous spirit that stirs up enmity at 

 ceremonies, in the hope that good men may be induced to fight 

 and kill one another in the house where many are assembled, and 



U1 For folklore of the S'iring, see Jour. Am. Folk-Lore, vol. 26, pp. 51 — 53; and 

 cf. Katlui Surit Sagara, ed. cit., vol. 1, p. 337: "Whoever remains in the forest falls 

 prey to Yakshivi who bewilder him . . ." 



Capricious forest demons, having certain characteristic marks of the Bagobo S'iring, 

 are mentioned by Aduarte, Bishop of Nueva Segovia. "They also tell of some verv 

 mischievous tricks which the devil has played upon them. It happened sometimes that 

 when a man was alone in the lield he came upon some creatures resembling little women. 

 They would deceive him, and either by alluring words or force would place him within 

 a thicket, and then toss him in I he air as if he had been a ball; they then left him 

 half-dead." lii.uii and Roiii.it i son : op. cit. vol. 30, p. 293. 1905. 



