BENEDICT, BAGOBO CEBEMONIAL, MAGIC AND MYTH 15$ 



corner of the room were the three large stones that formed the 

 native fire-place. They rested on a bed of earth several inches 

 high, banked by strips of wood, and having an area sufficient to hold, 

 besides the fire-stones, big clay pots, piles of kindling-wood, and a 

 little group of people who would gather round the fire. On this 

 hearth, during the Grinum, all of the boiling and the broiling pro- 

 cesses were carried on, and here, after the visitors had trooped off, 

 the members of the family would gather to roast corn and to chat. 



Festival of Ginum at Tub is on. On May 27—28, 1907, almost 

 three months earlier than the Tallin festival, it was my privilege 

 to be a guest, during the last fifteen hours, at the celebration of 

 Grinum at Tubison, a mountain village at the top of a steep ascent 

 several hours ride northwest of Santa Cruz. Datu Imbal and his 

 wife, Siat, were the hosts. The festival was held three days before 

 the expected sprouting of the rice in Imbal's fields, as he had planted 

 somewhat earlier than several other Bagobo who, during that very 

 week, were giving rice-sowing festivals to their neighbors. My obser- 

 vation of the ceremonies covered the period from about two hours 

 before sunset of one afternoon until one hour after sunrise of the 

 following morning. I shall here call attention to those ceremonial 

 details alone which present points of variation or contrast to identical 

 rites on the corresponding night at Tallin ; and, while passing over 

 those lines of ritual behavior that may be expected to manifest 

 themselves regularly at Ginum, I shall mention particularly some 

 few single religious functions that appeared at Tubison, and were 

 absent from Talun, as well as cases of the reversed situation. 



The first important difference to be noted is one that touches the 

 order of ritual functions. The offering of material objects upon 

 the agong-altar with accompanying ceremonies 217 (Sonar) which at 

 Talun took place on the third day of the festival, was performed 



2 ' 7 The ceremony of placing the sacred food before the gods, and of reciting a liturgy- 

 over it, probably took place very early in the evening. I must have missed that im- 

 portant rite, for I was told that a ceremonial had been performed at the agong-altar 

 about dusk while I was in the grounds with the young people. If that were the case, 

 the rite must have been very much shorter tbau at Talun. I feel pretty well convinced 

 that the betel ceremony which, at TaluD, accompanied the rites over the sacred food was, 

 at Tubison, transferred to the Sonaran as described. In each ease the officiating priest 

 placed sixteen slices of areca-nut on the altar, each being laid on a piece of betel-leaf; 

 they were separated into two sets of eight each, by sarabak leaves at Talun, and by th& 

 little ceremonial spoon of bulls leaf at Tubison; and the betel was similarly sprinkled 

 with lime by the celebrant. Sugar cane liquor was drunk at the earlier ceremony a 



