170 ANNALS SEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



A human sacrifice of an entirely different type is that called 

 galea, the victim being a Bagobo of virtue and valor who is killed 

 in order that his liver may be eaten by other brave Bagobo men. 

 The manner of sacrifice is the same as that of the slave, the man 

 being bound to the takosan and gashed to pieces. Before the body 

 is buried, the liver is removed and ceremonially eaten. 203 This is 

 the only trace of cannibalism-" 4 that appears in Bagobo customs. 

 They look with horror upon the practice of eating human flesh 

 as a means of nurture, and say that it is a custom of the buso. 

 The eating of the human liver is a religious rite. 



In prehistoric days, the custom of offering a human, victim in 

 sacrifice was widespread throughout the Islands. The Tagal, ac- 

 cording to Plasencia, tied a living slave beneath the body of a 

 dead warrior. 205 Artiedo, in 1573, writes of Filipino tribes in 

 general, that they have a custom of killing slaves to bury with the 

 chiefs. 200 This usage is not strictly analogous to the Bagobo rite, 

 for the slaves were, no doubt, sent along to provide the distin- 

 guished dead with servants in the other world — a custom prac- 

 tised by the Bagobo in addition to the ceremonial sacrifice. 



Among the Yisayan people, we have records of both kinds of 

 sacrifice. Chirino says that the people of the island of Bohol gave 

 the slaves a hearty meal and then killed them immediately after- 

 ward. Male slaves were buried with the body <>f a man, and 

 female slaves with that of a woman.' 207 The chronicler of the Le- 

 gaspi expedition states that the Yisayans of Cebu sacrificed several 

 slaves at the death of a chief. 208 Saavedra records, in 1527 — loi's. 

 that the natives of Cebu offer human sacrifices to the anito. -''' 

 Morga, it is true, wrote, in 1009, that the Yisayans "never sacri- 



the personality of Maiidarangan and that of Busao which appears throughout the writings 

 of the missionaries. 



183 According to Coronel, the Zainbales of Luzon ate the brains of those whom t li<\ 

 beheaded. Bi.aib and Robertson : op. cit., vol. 18, p. 332. 1904. 



lt " The statements of popular writers as to the reputed cannibalism of the Ba:_ r "l>o 

 ought to be taken with a good deal of caution. Henry Savage Laudor, for example, 

 writes of "their eyes having a most peculiar lustre, such 09 is found iu cannibal race9." 

 The Gems of the East, p. 362. 1904. 



2 "'- Cf. Hi.aik and R0BEBT8ON: op. cit., vol. 7, p. 195. 1903. 



""• Cf ibid., vol. 3, p. 199. 1903. 



1B7 Cf ibid., vol. 12, p. 303. 19nt. 



ia " Cf. ibid., rol. 3, p. 199. 1903. 



1S » Cf. ibid., vol. 2, p. 42. 1903. 



