332 AXXALS NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIEXCES 



possessive pronominal elements are practically identical with the 

 objective pronominal elements and related to the personal inde- 

 pendent forms. They are: 



All but the third person singular possessive are prefixed, cause 

 no phonetic change and require no remark. This exception, how- 

 ever, is of a different type, as it is suffixed. If the regimen ends 

 in a vowel, the suffixation is without phonetic phenomenon but if 

 it closes in a consonant, the original dropped final stem vowel 

 reappears (cf. p. 322), thus, 



The great majority of such examples show a final a vowel. 

 Whether this is normal or due to assimilation or other process can 

 be determined only by comparison with other Piman languages. 32 



When the stem ends in a glottal stop preceded by a vowel, the 

 vowel is reduplicated after the stop when used with the pronominal 

 possessive suffix -<i. 



hi' urine hi"iD his urine 



mo' head mo'oD his head 



Possessive Suffixes 



Two frequent suffixes of doubtful significance are found mainly 

 with possessives. The first, -(/)//(/)-, is probably more common. at 

 least with the third person singular, than the bare possessive. Its 

 significance is very doubtful, as the same stem may be found with 

 or without it without apparent difference in meaning. Its exact 

 form is also open to doubt, but it is generally found associated 

 with an / vowel, either as -Ig or as -gi-. 



31 Rinaldini gives this pronominal possessive suffix as -de or -di "for Northern Tepehuanc 

 (op. cit.). Smith (op. cit.) gives -di for Lower Pima. 



