266 The South American Gharacinidse 



IT. No caudal spaf m- lafcraJ hand. A. 34, scrales lOj-43-10. 



47. polylepis. 

 Jjj. Lateral line with 33-36 sc-ales. 



t. Dcplh Ih in the Icnf/fh. Caudal and luinieral spot generally present 



and united by a silvery band. ISIaxillary not denticulate. Head 4, 



depth li. A. 34, scales 35 48. orbicularis. 



tt. Depth more than I5 in the length. 



u. A hJaclish Io)if/ifiifJinal band al)Ove the lateral line becoming darker 

 on tlie caudal tin. A. 30, scales 6-36-(> 49. penivianus. 



uu. No black longitudinal band. 

 V. Maxillary without teeth. 



w. Humeral and caudal spot j}rf.se«/, more or less distinet, scales 

 7-3G-7. Anal and ventral with broad red margins. A. "27-31, 

 head 4, depth :'. 50. hvunilis. 



WW. No raudtd or Innncnd xpot. A silvery latei-al band, most 



distinct posteriorly. A. 30, scales 5-3.5-31, head SJ, depth 



3-} ; eye in the head 2-2 and once in the interorbital .space. 



51. astictus. 

 vv. Maxillary ^^ith teeth. 



X. A single tooth on the maxillary, lateral line Avith 38 scales. 



Dorsal fin midAvay between the tip of snout and caudal, the 



pectoral reaches the ventral, and the ventral to the anal. A. 



32-35, scales 7-38-7, head 4, deptli 3 52. taeniurus. 



XX. Maxillary with numerous teeth, scales 8-35 or 36-7. Dorsal 

 behind the ventral fin. Humeral spot .sharply defined, usually 

 vertically elongate. Caudal spot present, a silvery gray lat- 

 eral band. A. 34-36, head 3|-4, depth 2j-2i. .53. doceanus. 



jjij. Scales in the lateral line 28-32. 



y. A small blackisireaudal spot jiresent. 



Anal 33-34. Scales 7-30 to 32-4 .] '. 54. chalceus. 



yy. No Caudal or humeral spot. A. 33. 



Scales in the lateral line 28-29 55. gibbosus. 



aaa. Anal rays 24-29 {melanurus 26-30). 



z. '^Lateral line Avith 54-61 scales. Maxillary with a series of teeth on the 

 proximal two-thirds of its length. Cauilal dee])ly forked, the superior 

 lobe larger. Head 5f, depth 3i. A. 29 56. ipanquianiis. 



zz. Scales in the lateral line 45-46. 



A. Longitudinal series of scales 19. Caudal and humeral spot generally 

 absent. Caudal fin not scaly, the origin of the dorsal aboAC the root 

 of the ventral fin. "Width of the interorbital more than the diameter 

 of the eye. Head 4, depth 3. A. 26, scales 9-45-10 . . .57. cordovae. 



AA. Longitudinal series of scales less than 19. 



B. A broad silrery lateral stripe, no caudal spot, longitudinal series of 

 scales 12. Maxillaiy toothless, rather wide, extends little l)eyoud 

 anterior border of tlie orbit. Head 4.2, depth 4.7. A. 25. 



58. longior. 



