PROGRESS AND PROSPECTS OF AGRICULTURE. 15 



Society. At 10,000 trees per acre, this would give 40,000,000 trees; one-fourth of which, 

 yearly, would be 10,000,000 trees annually set out. 



On the Pacific slope of our country, considerable attention has been already given to the 

 subject of horticulture and fruit-growing. A correspondent of the New York Country Gen- 

 tleman states that the fruit crop of Oregon, for 1854, sold for $200,000. One grower, whose 

 oldest tre§s were brought across the Plains in a wagon, imbedded in soil, about ten years 

 since, and then no larger than pipestems, sold his crop in San Francisco for the sum of 

 $20,000. 



" No man," says the Horticulturist, " either in Europe or America, who has any knowledge 

 of the fruit-growing capacities of the United States, entertains the slightest doubt but that 

 we are to be the greatest fruit-growing and fruit-consuming people in the world. Even now, 

 in the very morning of our national existence, with the stumps of the primeval forests yet 

 standing thick around us in the oldest States, fruit-culture has acquired such an importance 

 as it never has attained on the other side of the Atlantic. There, the few grow and consume 

 fruits ; here, the million. This is no empty boast — although something to boast of — but a 

 simple truth. In this country there are few tenants; all, or nearly all, are proprietors, and 

 have all the encouragement which belongs to the indisputable ownership of the soil. Added 

 to this, is a vast territory, fertile soil, and a climate varied in such a manner that here we 

 can succeed with one class of fruits, and there with another. Within the present boundaries 

 of these United States, all, or nearly all, the fruits cultivated for the use of man can be 

 grown successfully in the open air." 



As a striking illustration of the rapid extension of civilization westward in the United 

 States, and of the great attention paid to horticulture, even its most elegant departments, in 

 our new settlements, we copy the following card from a letter received by us : "IT. A. Terry 

 § Co., Seedsmen and Florists, Proprietors of Glenmary Garden, Dealers in Trees, Vines, Shrubs, 

 Seeds, Books, §c, Council Bluffs, Iowa." This place, until within a very recent period, 

 was the extreme military post of the United States on our Western frontier. It is nearly 

 eleven hundred miles distant from tide-water, and two hundred and fifty west of the capital 

 of Iowa, which last place, in 1839, did not contain a single inhabitant. In 1845, the county 

 of which Council Bluffs is the shire-town, was included within the Indian Territory. The 

 population of Council Bluffs at the present time is nearly ten thousand. 



♦'One of the most gratifying indications, also, of the permanent prosperity of California, is 

 the great and rapid increase of her agricultural resources. Two years ago, she was known 

 only as a mining country, and the impression was, that, but for her mineral resources, the 

 State would be valueless. This idea has been not only proved erroneous, but the fact has 

 been fully established that this is one, or can be made one, of the best agricultural States in 

 the Union. Nowhere can wheat, oats, barley, and most kinds of vegetables be grown with 

 less labor and expense than here. The soil is fertile and the climate unequalled." 



It is now estimated that sufficient wheat will be grown in California to supply the entire 

 demand until the next year's crop. 



From a report made to the Liberian government, it appears that agriculture has not been 

 neglected in this growing State. A model farm and plantation, some time since established, 

 is progressing favorably. Coffee grows with great luxuriance, as well as the different varie- 

 ties of grapes and the olive. The cinnamon-tree, introduced from the East Indies, is also 

 multiplying rapidly. 



The legislature of Tennessee, at its last session, appointed a committee to prepare and 

 present a gold medal, with suitable devices and inscriptions, to Mark R. Cockrell, Esq., as a 

 testimonial of esteem for his devotion to the advancement and development of the agricul- 

 tural resources of that State, especially the wool-growing interests. 



Upon the presentation of the medal, Mr. Cockrell, in reply to the remarks of the commit- 

 tee, said: "At the World's Fair at London, in 1851, the premium for the golden fleece was 

 awarded to Tennessee. Germany, Spain, Saxony, and Silicia were there ; the competition 

 was strong, honorable, and fair. Nature gave me the advantage in climate, but the noble 

 lords and wealthy princes of Europe did not know it, neither did my own countrymen know 

 it, until we met in the Crystal Palace of London before a million of spectators. While their 



