ORTHOPTERA 3 



The contrast between the indigenous portion of the Hawaiian Orthoptera and the 

 foreign (whether introduced or naturally immigrant) is most strongly marked. 



Thus the 29 foreign species are scattered through all the six great divisions of the 

 Order represented in the islands, while the endemic, to the number of 44, are limited to 

 three of these divisions. Moreover, the foreign species represent no less than 24 genera, 

 with an average of little more than one species to a genus, whereas the indigenous 

 represent but 9 genera, with an average of nearly five species to the genus. 



Confining our attention to the indigenous portion of the fauna, the number of 

 species which fail to extend their range beyond a single island is quite remarkable, more 

 so, I believe, than is the case with any of the other Orders of insects. 



The Phyllodroinia is found throughout the whole group, but, as has been remarked, 

 on certain of the islands the examples vary in a definite direction, as if tending to form 

 distinct species. 



In the Locustodea the unique Conocephaloides has been found only on 

 Hawaii, and of the 10 species of Brachymetopa not one is common to any two 

 of the islands. 



Of the Trigonidiides two species of Paratrigonidhun [P. varians and P. pacificum) 

 are widely, the latter indeed universally, distributed over the 6 larger islands, but it 

 should be noted that both these species exhibit local variation, and owing to the great 

 difficulty of differentiating the species of this genus, it is possible that more than one is 

 included under each of these names. So far as is known each of the remaining 14 species 

 limits its range to one or other of the islands. 



In the Prognathogryllides the genus Leptogi-yllus alone has species with a range 

 extending over more than one of the islands, L. nigrolineatus having occurred on Oahu 

 and Maui, and L. forficularis on Maui and Hawaii. 



Thus of the 44 endemic species five only have been found to inhabit more than 

 one of the islands, but the foreign species, excepting a few, which have certainly been 

 only very recently imported, are mostly of general distribution over the group. 



There are now added 44 species (35 being truly indigenous) to the list of Ortho- 

 ptera, published by Herr Brunner in his paper in the Proceedings of the Zoological 

 Society for 1895, wherein 29 species (9 only being indigenous) were enumerated. We 

 are very much indebted to Herr Brunner for help in the identification of some foreign 

 species discovered since 1895, as well as for the great assistance we have derived from 

 the paper alluded to. 



It may be noticed that a large Phasmid Anchiale confusa Sharp {CypJiocrania 

 manilata West.), brought home by the Beechey expedition, is said to have been taken 

 in the Sandwich Islands, as also are several other large and conspicuous Orthoptera of 

 other families. Certainly none of these have any place in the fauna of these islands, 

 although they may have been taken in those other islands in the Pacific known under 

 the name of Sandwich. 



