427 



ENTOZOA'. "^^^'--.-o- 



By Arthur E. Shipley, Fellow and Tutor of Christ's College, Cambridge, and 

 University Lecturer in the Advanced Morphology of the Invertebrata. 



The Hawaiian Archipelago or the Sandwich Islands are separated by some 2350 

 miles from the mainland and by about the same distance from any other group of 

 inhabited islands. Hence, as might be expected, their fauna is highly specialized, and 

 although we know very little about the Entozoa of this island group, two at least of the 

 forms described, living within the bodies of birds characteristic of the country, are new 

 and up to the present time have not been recorded from elsewhere. 



But although the Hawaiian Archipelago is so far from other lands it is a much 

 frequented spot. Since the Spaniards first found it, before the visits in 1778 of Captain 

 Cook, it has by degrees become one of the meeting places of the world. Its position 

 "at the cross-roads of the North Pacific" on the line of the great marine trade-routes 

 between Northern America, Japan, China and Australia has attracted to its harbours 

 men of all nations, so that, like Singapore, it has a most mi.xed population. And man 

 has brought not only his own parasites with him but has imported his domesticated 

 cattle with their entozoa. 



What little I have been able to find out about the human parasites in the Sandwich 

 Islands I owe to a paper by Dr A. Lutz^, and as the parasites he mentions are well 

 known and almost cosmopolitan I have said little about them, still they should be 

 mentioned in a Fauna Hawaiiensis, for though probably the majority of them have been 

 introduced and may not be endemic, this is not certainly the case and is susceptible of 

 no proof 



' I have much pleasure in thanking Prof. E. Ray Lankester for permission to reprint matter and figures 

 from the Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science ; Mr Shipley has availed himself of this permission in 

 his communication. Editor. 



' Centrbl. Bakter. xni. 1893, p. 126. 



