264 Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico 



nigriceps Viereck. D. C. s. to Fla., w. to Kans. and La.; Mexico. Host: Heliothis subflexa 

 (Guen.), H. virescens (F.). 

 Cardiochiles nigriceps Viereck, 1912. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 43: 578. 9,6. 



Biology: Chamberlin and Tenhet, 1926. Jour. Agr. Res. 33: 21-27. —Vinson and Lewis, 1965. 

 Jour. Econ. Ent. 58: 869-871. —Lewis and Brazzel, 1966. Jour. Econ. Ent. 59: 820-822. 

 — Lewis, Brazzel and Vinson, 1967. Jour. Econ. Ent. 60: 615-616. —Lewis and Vinson, 1968. 

 Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 61: 561-565. —Vinson, 1968. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 61: 8-10. —Lewis 

 and Vinson, 1968. Jour. Insect Physiol. 14: 613-626. —Lewis and Vinson, 1971. Ent. Soc. 

 Amer., Ann. 64: 970-972. —Hays and Vinson, 1971. Anim. Behavior 19: 344-352. —Vinson, 

 1972. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 65: 229-236. —Lewis, et ai, 1972. Environ. Ent. 1: 1468-1471. 



Morphology: Vinson, 1969. Ent. Soc. Amer., Ann. 62: 1414-1419. 



nigToclypeus Viereck. Kans., Tex., Calif. 



Cardiochiles nigroclypeus Viereck, 1905. Kans. Acad. Sci., Trans. 19: 275. 6. 

 orizabae Cresson. Ga., Fla., Ala., Ark., La., Kans., Tex., Ariz.; Mexico. 



Toxoneuron orizabae Cresson, 1873. Canad. Ent. 5: 67. 6. 



pluto (Ashmead). Calif. 



Toxoiieura pluto Ashmead, 1894. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 3: 49. "9" = 6. 

 pullus Mao. N. J., Fla., Ohio, Iowa, La., S. Dak., Kans., Tex., Utah, Oreg., Calif. 



Cardiochiles; anigoHus var. pullus Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 234. 9, 6. 

 rubicundus Mao. N. Mex., Utah, Ariz.; Mexico. 



Cardiochiles rubicundus Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 250. 9. 



rubidus Mao. N. Mex., Idaho, Ariz., Oreg., Calif. 



Cardiochiles rubidus Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 251. 9. 



rufostigma Mao. Wash., Calif. 



Cardiochiles rufostigma Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 252. 9,6. 

 siminiger (Cresson). Iowa, Kans., Tex., Mont., Colo., N. Mex., Utah, Ariz., Calif. 



Tenthredoides seminiger Cresson, 1865. Ent. Soc. Phila, Trans. 4: 291. 9,6. 



tennessensis Mao. Tenn. 



Cardiochiles teyinessensis Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 254. 9. 



texensis Mao. Tex.; Mexico. 



Cardiochiles texensis Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 255. 9. 



thoracicus (Cresson). Ariz.; Mexico. 



Toxoneuron thoracicum Cresson, 1873. Canad. Ent. 5: 68. 9, 6. 



thurberiae Rohwer. Tex., Ariz. 



CardochilesC.) therberiaeV.) Rohwer, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 57: 226. "6" = 9. 

 tibiator (Say). Pa. s. to Fla.; Mich., Ky., Mo., Ark., Kans. Host: Nephopteryx celtidella (Hulst), 

 A^. crassifasciella Rag., N. dammersi floridensis Heinr., N. subcaesiella (Clem.), N. 

 subfuscella (Rag.). 

 Bracon tibiator Say, 1824. In Keating, Narr. Long's 2nd Exped., v. 2, App., p. 322. 9. 



transversus Mao. Calif. 



Cardiochiles transversus Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 260. 9, 6. 



truncus Mao. Nebr., Wyo., Colo. 



Cardiochiles truncus Mao, 1949. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 99: 261. 9, 6. 

 viator (Say). Conn, and N. Y. s. to Va., w. to Mich, and 111.; Tex., Wyo., Colo., N. Mex., Wash. 



Bracon (Toxoneuron) viator Say, 1836. Boston Jour. Nat. Hist. 1: 258. 



Subfamily ICHNEUTINAE 

 Tribe ICHNEUTINI 



Species in this group are solitary endoparasites of sawfly larvae; oviposition takes place in the 

 host egg but the parasite cocoon is formed within the host cocoon. 



Taxonomy: Shenefelt, 1973. Hym. Cat., part 9, p. 805-812 (cat. World spp.). 



