Superfamily ICHNEUMONOIDEA 341 



on Picea glauca, C horistoneura fumiferana (Clem.), Dioryctria cambiicola (Dyar), D. 



zimmermanni (Grt.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.). 

 Itoplectis evetriae Viereck, 1913. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 44: 565. 6. 

 Itoplectis plesia Rohwer, 1914. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 15: 182. 9. 

 fustiger Townes. Que., N. Y., Pa., Mich., Ohio, Minn., N. Dak., Calif. This species is related to 



the European /. clavicomis Thomson, and for a number of years was identified as 



clavicomis. 

 Itoplectis fustiger Townes, 1960. In Townes and Townes, U. S. Natl. Mus. Bui. 216 (pt. 2): 



298. S, 9. 

 maculator (Fabricius). Eurasia, n. Africa. Ecology: Sometimes hyperparasitic. Introductions 



were made in Ont. from 1948-1956 with the target species being the native 



C horistoneura fumiferana (Clem.). Cnephasia longana was the target species for 



introductions in Oreg. in 1949?, 1952, and 1954. Recoveries were made in Oreg. in 1950 



and 1955, but maculator is not known to be established. Host: Cnephasia longana 



(Haw.). Numerous other European hosts are known. 

 Ichneumon maculator Fabricius, 1775. Systema Ent., p. 337. 9. 

 Ichneumon Plaesseus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis. v. 1, p. 417. 9. 

 Ichneumon arlequinatus Geoffroy, 1785. In Fourcroy, Ent. Parisiensis. v. 1, p. 427. Sex 



not indicated. 

 Ichneumon scanicus Villers, 1789. Caroli Linnaei Ent., Faun. Suec. Descr. Aucta, v. 3, p. 



190. 6 ? 

 Ichneumon lateratorius Thunberg, 1822; 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8: 



279; 9: 362. 6. 

 Pimpla vincta Snellen van VoUenhoven, 1873. Tijdschr. v. Ent. 16: 212. 9 . 

 Pimpla cruentata Rudow, 1883. Ent. Nachr. 9: 235. d, 9. 

 Pimpla castaneiventris Kriechbaumer, 1894. Berlin. Ent. Ztschr. 39: 51. 9. 

 Pimpla sexpunctata Perez, 1895. Soc. Ent. de France, Ann. 64: 200. 9. 

 Pimpla maculatrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 104. Emend. 

 Itoplectis rufiventris Hellen, 1949. Finska Vetensk.-Soc, Comm. Biol. 8: 11. d, 9. 



Biology: Goidanich, 1931. R. 1st. Super. Agr., Lab. di Ent., Bol. 4: 151-153. —Hardy, 1938. 



Bui. Ent. Res. 29: 356. 

 quadricingulata (Provancher). Newfoundland s. to R. I., w. to Alaska and Calif.; Greenland. 

 Host: Hyaloscotes fragmentella (Hy. Edw.), Gracilaria sp., Euceratia castella Wlsm., 

 Dioryctria reniculella (Grt.), Anthophila pariana (Clem.), Carcina quercana (F.), 

 Depressaria sp., Archips argyrospilus (Wlk.), A. rosayuis (L.), C horistoneura fumiferana 

 (Clem.), C. occidentalis Free., Cnephasia longana (Haw.), Acleris sp., Acleris variana 

 (Fern.), Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), Rhyacionia buoliana (D. and S.), R. busckana 

 Hein., Spilonota ocellana (D. and S.), Taniva albolineana (Kft.), Platyptilia sp., 

 Lamdina fiscellaria lugubrosa (Hulst), Nepytia phantasmaria (Stkr.), Malacosoma sp., 

 M. disstria Hbn., Orgyia pseudotsugata McD., Neodiprion sp., A^. tsugae Midd. /. 

 quadricingulata is closely related to /. altertians (Gravenhorst) of Eurasia and future 

 study is likely to show that quadricingulata should be treated either as a synonym or as 

 a subspecies of altemans. 



Pimpla i-cing7ilatus Provancher, 1880. Nat. Canad. 12: 38. 9. 



Pimpla (Itoplectis) Kolthoffi Aurivillius, 1890. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad., Bihang tU Handl. 

 (ser. 4) 15: 29. cJ, 9. 



Pimpla kolthoffii Dalla Torre, 1901. Cat. Hym., v. 3, p. 438. Emend. 



Itoplectis obesus Cushman, 1917. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 53: 467. i, 9. 



Ephialtes (Itoplectis) latus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. 9. 



Ephialtes (Itoplectis) leavitti Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. 9. 



Ephialtes (Itoplectis) pacificus Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 345. 9. Preocc. 

 by Harrington, 1894. 



Ephialtes (Itoplectis) montana Cushman, 1920. U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 58: 346. 9. 



Ephialtes cacoeciae Viereck, 1924. Canad. Ent. 56: 64. S, 9. 



Ephialtes (Itoplectis) esuchus Cushman, 1924. Ent. Soc. Wash., Proc. 26: 221. N. name for 

 E. pacificus Cushman. 



