Superfamily ICHNEUMONOIDEA 483 



coxator (Villers). N. Y., N. J., Pa., Del., Md., n. Va., Ont., Ohio; Eurasia; n. Africa. Introduced. 

 Host: CephuH pycjntaeus (L.), Janus integer (Nort.). Despite repeated attempts to 

 establish coxator in western Canada in the 1930's on the native Cephus cinctus Nort., it 

 apparently no longer occurs there. Townes, Momoi, and Townes (1965) were apparently 

 the first authors to suppress Collyria calcitrator (Gravenhorst) as a synonym of 

 coxator, but Gravenhorst had placed calcitrator as a definite synonym of coxator in 1829 

 and uncharacteristically neglected to use the senior name. 



Ichneumon coxator Villers, 1789. Caroli Linnaei Ent., v. 3, p. 193. Sex not indicated. 



Bas.sus calcitrator Gravenhorst, 1807. Vergl. Uebers. Zool. Systeme, p. 266. 9. 



Pacliynierux puncticepa Thomson, 1877. Opusc. Ent. 8: 734. 9. 



Collyria calcitratrix Schulz, 1906. Spolia Hym., p. 122. Emend. 



Taxonomy: Gravenhorst, 1829. Ichn. Europaea, v. 3, p. 727-729. — Kerrich, 1936. Soc. Brit. 

 Ent., Trans. 3: 63. —Kerrich, 1936. Soc. Brit. Ent., Jour. 1: 124. —Townes, Momoi, and 

 Townes, 1965. Amer. Ent. Inst., Mem. 5: 397-398. 



Biology: Salt, 1931; 1932. Bui. Ent. Res. 22: 506; 23: 211-216. -Salt, 1934. Roy. Sbc. London, 

 Proc. (Ser. B) 114: 457-460. —Salt and Laing, 1935. Nature [London] 135: 792. —Walker, 

 1937. Parasitology 29: 477-503. -Walker, 1940. Bui. Ent. Res. 3: 551-573. —Smith, 1948. 

 Ent. Soc. Ont., Ann. Rpt. 78: 39-44. —Smith, 1959. Canad. Ent. 91: 697-700. 



Subfamily ORTHOPELMATINAE 



Genus ORTHOPELMA Taschenberg 



Orthopehiia Taschenberg, 1865. Ztsehr. f. die Gesam. Naturw. [Halle] 25: 137. 



Type-species: Honiteles luteolator Gravenhorst. Desig. by Viereck, 1914. 

 Proedrus Foerster, 1868. Naturh. Ver. Rheinlande, Verh. 25: 147. 



Type-species: Heniiteles luteolator Gravenhorst. By subsequent monotypy from 

 inclusion by Thomson, 1889. 



This is the only genus in the subfamily; it is medium sized and Holarctic. The species are in- 

 ternal larval parasites of Cynipidae which make galls on Rosa, Rubus, and Ribes. Dr. John Bar- 

 ron has completed a revision of Orthopehna which will probably be published prior to the ap- 

 pearance of this catolog. 



californicum Ashmead. Northern Calif. Host: Cynipid gallmaker on wild currant. According to 

 Ashmead, the syntypes were "reared in May, 1887, from a Rose gall," but the Koebele 

 notes in the U. S. Natl. Museum say that they were reared from a cynipid which makes 

 galls on wild currant and that the parasites of the cynipids emerged in May, 1888, from 

 galls collected near Alameda Calif, in March, 1888. 

 Orthopehna californicum Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 417. 6, 9. 

 coloradense Ashmead. Colo. Host: Diplolepis tuberculator (Ckll.). 



Orthopehna coloradense Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 418. 9. 

 Orthopehna americanum Riley, 1890. In Riley and Howard, U. S. Dept. Agr., Insect Life 

 3: 154. Nomen nudum (also on same page as "americana"). 

 diastrophi Ashmead. Conn., Ind.? Host: Diastrophns radicmn Bass., Diplolepis radicum (0. 

 S.). Apparently parasitizes cynipids which make galls on the roots of both Rosa and 

 Rubus. 

 Orthopehna diastrophi Ashmead, 1890 (1889). U. S. Natl. Mus., Proc. 12: 418. 6, 9. The 

 syntypes from the Riley collection are not likely to be from Mo. as Ashmead thought 

 because the specimens do not appear to have been mounted by Riley and because the 

 numbers they bear do not appear to be Riley numbers. Small circular labels bearing a 

 "W" might indicate that these specimens came from F. M. Webster, who was then in 

 Indiana. I recently learned that Webster's notes are in the U. S. Natl. Archives. 

 luteolator (Gravenhorst). Que., Mass., R. I., N. Y., Pa., Ont., Ind., Ariz.; Europe. Host: 



Diastrophus turgidus Bass., Diplolepis ignota (0. S.), D. rosae (L.), D. rosaefolii (Ckll.). 

 Ichneumon mediator Thunberg, 1822: 1824. Acad. Imp. des Sci. St. Petersburg, Mem. 8: 

 269; 9: 332. 9. Unavailable by virtue of preoccupation in Ichneumon by Pimpla 

 mediator Fabricius, which was unnecessarily renamed Ichneumon modulator by 



